{"id":1026,"date":"2019-03-25T00:57:11","date_gmt":"2019-03-24T21:57:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=1026"},"modified":"2019-03-25T00:57:13","modified_gmt":"2019-03-24T21:57:13","slug":"serebrovaskuler-hastalik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/serebrovaskuler-hastalik\/","title":{"rendered":"Serebrovask\u00fcler Hastal\u0131k"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131k (SVH),\nbir beyin b\u00f6lgesinin iskemi veya kanama sonucu kal\u0131c\u0131 ya da ge\u00e7ici olarak\netkilenmesi ve\/veya beyni ilgilendiren bir ya da daha fazla kan damar\u0131n\u0131n\nprimer patolojik hasar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) kriterlerine\ng\u00f6re inme, ani geli\u015fen, 24 saatten fazla s\u00fcren ya da bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde \u00f6l\u00fcm ile\nsonlanan, vask\u00fcler nedenden ba\u015fka bir neden ortaya konulamayan ve fokal veya jeneralize\nn\u00f6rolojik defisittir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SVO, sebepleri ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\ny\u00f6n\u00fcnden olduk\u00e7a heterojen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri sebebe g\u00f6re\nfarkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Hastalar tamamen iyile\u015febilece\u011fi gibi farkl\u0131 derecelerde\nn\u00f6rolojik defisit kalabilir ve hatta \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Altm\u0131\u015f ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc\nn\u00fcfusta kardiyovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klardan sonra serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar\nd\u00fcnyada ikinci s\u0131rada \u00f6l\u00fcm nedenidir. Sakatl\u0131k ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc kayb\u0131n\u0131n ise birinci\nnedenidir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sosyal g\u00fcvenlik kurumu verileri baz al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan bir\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, 2008-2013 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 400 bin ki\u015finin SVO nedeniyle \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve\nyakla\u015f\u0131k 1.5 milyon ki\u015finin etkilendi\u011fi, prevelans\u0131n\u0131n ise %2,2 oldu\u011fu\ng\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nme iki ana tipe ayr\u0131l\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130skemik inme olgular\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir\nk\u0131sm\u0131ndan sorumludur. \u0130skemik inme beyni besleyen bir arterin t\u0131kanarak doku\n\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve n\u00f6rolojik defisitlere yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 durumudur. Bu durum ateroskleroz,\nkardiyoembolizm veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sekonder olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hemorajik inme beyin damarlar\u0131ndan\nbirinin r\u00fcpt\u00fcr\u00fc sonucu geli\u015fir. Hemorajik inmeler spontan intraserebral kanama\nve subaraknoid kanamay\u0131 kapsar. \u0130ntraserebral kanama genellikle hipertansif\nk\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya serebral amiloid anjiopatinin sonucu olarak geli\u015fir.\nSubaraknoid kanama ise subaraknoid bo\u015flu\u011fa olan kanamad\u0131r. Bu durumun nedeni\nolgular\u0131n %85’inde anevrizma r\u00fcpt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Serebral ven\u00f6z tromboz ise beynin ven\nve sin\u00fcslerinin trombozu tablosudur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak inmelerin %80\u2019ini\niskemik inme iken, %20\u2019sini hemorajik inme olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nmede risk fakt\u00f6rleri, de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyen risk fakt\u00f6rleri ve\nde\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir risk fakt\u00f6rleri olarak ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir\nrisk fakt\u00f6rlerini tan\u0131mak ve bunlarla m\u00fccadele etmek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemede \u00e7ok\n\u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015f, cinsiyet, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck do\u011fum\na\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0131rk ve genetik fakt\u00f6rler de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyen risk fakt\u00f6rlerini\nolu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir risk fakt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131nda kesinle\u015fmi\u015f olanlar;\nhipertansiyon, diyabetes mellitus, sigara, dislipidemi, atriyal fibrilasyon,\ndi\u011fer kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131, asemptomatik karotis arter stenozu, orak h\u00fccreli\nanemi, postmenopozal hormon tedavisi, oral kontraseptif kullan\u0131m\u0131, diyet ve\nbeslenme, fiziksel inaktivite ve obezitedir. De\u011fi\u015ftirlebilir risk\nfakt\u00f6rlerinden daha az kesinle\u015fmi\u015f olanlar; migren, metabolik sendrom, alkol\nkullan\u0131m\u0131, ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, uykuda solunum bozuklu\u011fu, hiperhomosisteinemi,\nlipoprotein-a art\u0131\u015f\u0131, hiperkoag\u00fclabilite ve enflamasyon-enfeksiyondur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nmenin %70\u2019i ilk inme oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in\nprimer koruma \u00f6nemlidir. Bu nedenle de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir risk fakt\u00f6rleri \u00fczerinde\nyo\u011funla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan da sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z beslenme, fiziksel\naktivitede eksiklik, sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve alkol\u00fcn zararl\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6n plana\n\u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Yani bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 olmayan bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, bu 4 temel\ndavran\u0131\u015fsal risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn azalt\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u00f6nlenebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konuyla ilgili olarak Avrupa\nSa\u011fl\u0131k A\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nerileri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuz t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meyve ve sebze t\u00fcketiminin\nartt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doymu\u015f ya\u011f ve trans ya\u011f asitleri\nt\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bedensel aktivitenin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fccut k\u00fctle indeksi (VK\u0130)\u2019nin\nazalt\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bireylerde fark\u0131ndal\u0131k olu\u015fturma,\nvarsa diyete uyumunu kolayla\u015ft\u0131rma, tekrarlayan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ve motivasyonel\ng\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerle Avrupa Sa\u011fl\u0131k A\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nerileri te\u015fvik edilebilir ve b\u00f6ylece\nvask\u00fcler hastal\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7an risk fakt\u00f6rleri geli\u015fimi geciktirilebilir \/\nazalt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve \u00f6l\u00fcmle\nsonu\u00e7lanabilecek bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, hastal\u0131k olu\u015fmu\u015fsa erken tan\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nem\nta\u015f\u0131r. Son 20 y\u0131lda tan\u0131 ve tedavi alan\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmeler sayesinde SVO\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131\n\u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131nda belirgin azalma g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olup 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda %35,8 olan \u00f6l\u00fcm\noran\u0131 2010 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde %22,8\u2019lere d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. SVO\u2019da \u00f6ncelikle iskemik\nya da hemorajik ayr\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131, lezyon b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ve ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi,\nvask\u00fcler k\u00f6kenli ise etkilenen damar ya da damarlar\u0131n belirlenmesi, damar\u0131n ne\nkadar etkilendi\u011finin ve kollateral durumun de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve kurtar\u0131labilir\nparankimin de\u011ferlendirilmesi tedavi se\u00e7imi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131k (SVH), bir beyin b\u00f6lgesinin iskemi veya kanama sonucu kal\u0131c\u0131 ya da ge\u00e7ici olarak etkilenmesi ve\/veya beyni ilgilendiren bir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":1023,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"views":1087,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1026"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1026"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1028,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1026\/revisions\/1028"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}