{"id":10788,"date":"2021-10-31T22:38:08","date_gmt":"2021-10-31T19:38:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=10788"},"modified":"2021-10-31T22:42:03","modified_gmt":"2021-10-31T19:42:03","slug":"otanazi-insanlarin-yasam-ve-olum-konularinda-karar-verme-hakki-olmali-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/otanazi-insanlarin-yasam-ve-olum-konularinda-karar-verme-hakki-olmali-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6TANAZ\u0130-\u0130nsanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam ve \u00f6l\u00fcm konular\u0131nda karar verme hakk\u0131 olmal\u0131 m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Dayan\u0131lmaz ac\u0131y\u0131 dindirmek ve \u00e7aresi bulunmayan hastal\u0131\u011fa sahip hayatlar\u0131 ac\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde sonland\u0131rmak anlam\u0131na gelen \u00f6tanazinin (Yunanca: \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 &#8211; \u03b5\u03c5,&nbsp;<em>eu<\/em>, &#8220;iyi,g\u00fczel&#8221;; \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2,&nbsp;<em>thanatos<\/em>, &#8220;\u00f6l\u00fcm&#8221;), g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmayan ve istemsiz \u00e7e\u015fitleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00f6tanazi hastan\u0131n izniyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bel\u00e7ika, L\u00fcksemburg, Hollanda, \u0130svi\u00e7re, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nin Oregon ve Washington eyaletlerinde yasald\u0131r. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmayan \u00f6tanazinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ise hastan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kendisinden izin al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan durumlarda onun ad\u0131na karar alma hakk\u0131na sahip yak\u0131nlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stemsiz \u00f6tanazi, bilgilendirilmi\u015f onam al\u0131nabilecek ki\u015filerden onay al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n veya onlara haber verilmeksizin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir ve cinayet olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6tanazi uygulamas\u0131nda aksiyon almak (karbondioksit, letal d\u00fczeyde ila\u00e7 enjeksiyonu, servikal dislokasyon, captive bolt pistol, ate\u015fli silah, mikrodalga \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131, trikain mesilat) veya hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapmamak (hastan\u0131n ya\u015famak i\u00e7in ihtiyac\u0131 olan ve yard\u0131m alarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi eylemleri kesmek (besleme t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc, aspirasyon sondas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak) olmak \u00fczere iki yol izlenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n hastay\u0131 hayatta tutma sorumlulu\u011funun tam tersi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6tanazi uygulamas\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konulardan biri de hastan\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hafifletmek i\u00e7in verilen ila\u00e7lar\u0131n hastan\u0131n daha k\u0131sa zamanda \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebep olmas\u0131 durumunda bu eylemin \u00f6tanazi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131p tan\u0131mlanamayaca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum kimileri taraf\u0131ndan pasif \u00f6tenazi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131rken kimilerine g\u00f6re doktorun niyeti hastay\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek de\u011fil de ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dindirmek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00f6tanazi olarak kabul edilmemektedir. \u00d6tanazi olarak kabul edilmemesi gerekti\u011fini savunan inanc\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131 ise \u00e7ifte etki doktrinidir. \u00c7ifte etki doktrinine g\u00f6re k\u00f6t\u00fc yan etkilere yol a\u00e7sa dahi eylemin niyeti iyi oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece etik a\u00e7\u0131dan kabul edilebilirdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hipokrat zaman\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar de\u011fi\u015fen d\u00fcnyada Hipokrat Yemini\u2019nin de bu konuda de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekti\u011fini savunan \u00fclkeler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Orijinali \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl ilac\u0131 ne isteyene veririm ne de bu y\u00f6nde bir \u00f6neride bulunurum.\u201d olan k\u0131sm\u0131n modernize edilmi\u015f versiyonu: \u201cE\u011fer bana bir hayat kurtarmam nasip olduysa, hepsine te\u015fekk\u00fcrler. Ama can almak da benim elimde olabilir; bu m\u00fcthi\u015f sorumluluk, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fckle ve kendi zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6tanazi iste\u011finin en b\u00fcy\u00fck sebebinin dayan\u0131lmaz ac\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclse de ABD ve Hollanda\u2019da yap\u0131lan anketlerde bu yolu se\u00e7en insanlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te birinden az\u0131n\u0131n dayan\u0131lmaz ac\u0131 i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettiremeyecek fiziksel sorunlar (idrar ka\u00e7\u0131rma, bulant\u0131 ve kusma, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, fel\u00e7, yutma), mental a\u00e7\u0131dan zorluk \u00e7\u0131karan sorunlar (depresyon, kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc veya sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirme korkusu, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olmaktan ho\u015flanmama) \u00f6tanazi tercih edilmesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck etkenlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182951#euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide-\">https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/182951#euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide-<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euthanasia\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euthanasia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/delivering-care\/ethics\/euthanasia\">https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/delivering-care\/ethics\/euthanasia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/euthanasia\">https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/euthanasia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide\/\">https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/ethics\/euthanasia\/overview\/introduction.shtml\">https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/ethics\/euthanasia\/overview\/introduction.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nap.edu\/read\/1542\/chapter\/8#107\">https:\/\/www.nap.edu\/read\/1542\/chapter\/8#107<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/ethics\/euthanasia\/overview\/doubleeffect.shtml\">https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/ethics\/euthanasia\/overview\/doubleeffect.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dayan\u0131lmaz ac\u0131y\u0131 dindirmek ve \u00e7aresi bulunmayan hastal\u0131\u011fa sahip hayatlar\u0131 ac\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde sonland\u0131rmak anlam\u0131na gelen \u00f6tanazinin (Yunanca: \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 &#8211; \u03b5\u03c5,&nbsp;eu,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":527,"featured_media":10789,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[255,297,2135],"acf":[],"views":560,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10788"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/527"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10788"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10788\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10792,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10788\/revisions\/10792"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10789"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}