{"id":10797,"date":"2021-11-02T17:00:24","date_gmt":"2021-11-02T14:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=10797"},"modified":"2021-11-25T00:13:18","modified_gmt":"2021-11-24T21:13:18","slug":"michelangelo-bir-anatomi-dehasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/michelangelo-bir-anatomi-dehasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Michelangelo: Bir Anatomi Dehas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Michelangelo; resim, heykel ve mimari gibi alanlarda R\u00f6nesans d\u00f6nemine damga vurmu\u015f bir sanat\u00e7\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bir anatomi dehas\u0131. Herhangi bir t\u0131p e\u011fitimi almamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen gizlice yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 insan ve hayvan diseksiyonlar\u0131na bor\u00e7lu bu alandaki bilgisini. Hatta o d\u00f6nemde kilisenin insan diseksiyonuna hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde izin vermedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek bir\u00e7ok t\u0131p \u00f6\u011frencisinden daha \u00e7ok anatomi bilgisine sahip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Eserlerindeki insan ve hayvan fig\u00fcrlerinin neredeyse ger\u00e7e\u011fini aratmayacak \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ise anatomi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funun bir g\u00f6stergesi. Ancak sadece ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir \u015fekilde \u00e7izilmi\u015f fig\u00fcrlerin \u00f6tesinde resimlerinin i\u00e7erisine gizlice yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f baz\u0131 anatomik yap\u0131lar da onun bu alandaki bilgisinin ne kadar ileri d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bunun en bariz \u00f6rne\u011fi ise, Sistina \u015eapeli tavan\u0131na \u00e7izilmi\u015f fresklerden biri olan Adem\u2019in Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/em> ve i\u00e7erisinde bulunan n\u00f6roanatomik yap\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Adem’in Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTanr\u0131 bir beyin motifinin i\u00e7erisinde resmedilmi\u015fti!\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir jinekoloji uzman\u0131 olan Meshberger, o g\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7bir sanat tarih\u00e7isinin veya ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n fark etmedi\u011fi bir \u015feyi fark etti: Michelangelo taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7izilen Adem\u2019in Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 isimli eserde, Tanr\u0131 bir beyin motifinin i\u00e7erisinde resmedilmi\u015fti ve midsagittal eksende g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f beynin merkezinde, subkortikal yap\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde uzan\u0131yordu. \u00dcstelik yap\u0131lar sadece bununla da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Beyin motifinin etraf\u0131n\u0131 saran \u015farabi renkteki kuma\u015flar meninksleri<\/em>, Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hemen \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz mele\u011fin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 Pons\u2019u<\/em> ve alt k\u0131sm\u0131 Medulla Spinalis\u2019i<\/em>, bu mele\u011fin \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fcne ula\u015fan ye\u015fil kuma\u015f ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde k\u0131vr\u0131m yaparak Pons\u2019a ula\u015fan A.vertebralis\u2019i<\/em> temsil ediyor. Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n arkaya do\u011fru Havva\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan uzanan sol kolu ise Sulcus Cinguli\u2019nin<\/em> yerini alm\u0131\u015f. Havva\u2019n\u0131n dizinin oldu\u011fu k\u0131s\u0131mda ise Glandula Pinealis (Epifiz bezi)<\/em> bulunmakta. Resmin taban\u0131nda ve ye\u015fil kuma\u015f\u0131n hemen \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan mele\u011fe ait iki parmakl\u0131 ayak ise hipofiz bezini ve iki lobunu<\/em> temsil ediyor. Ayn\u0131 mele\u011fe ait di\u011fer bacaktaki uyluk N. Opticus\u2019u<\/em>, dizi Chiasma Opticum\u2019u<\/em> ve bald\u0131r\u0131 da Tractus Opticus\u2019u<\/em> simgeliyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara bakarak bile Michelangelo\u2019nun n\u00f6roanatomi alan\u0131ndaki bilgisinin olduk\u00e7a iyi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Mesherberger\u2019a g\u00f6re, Michelangelo bu resimde Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n halihaz\u0131rda canl\u0131 olan Adem\u2019e zekas\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fini belirtmek istemi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBeynin geli\u015fimsel basamaklar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla betimlenmi\u015f!\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Meshberger\u2019\u0131n ke\u015ffi ard\u0131ndan Michelangelo\u2019nun eserleri farkl\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131yla tekrardan incelenmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fey daha bulunmu\u015f. Tavandaki Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f G\u00fcnleri\u2019ni<\/em> anlatan fresklerde beynin geli\u015fimsel basamaklar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla betimlenmi\u015f ve Adem\u2019in Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 da bu s\u0131ran\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131ym\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu freskleri s\u0131ras\u0131yla inceledi\u011fimizde, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n ilk g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc anlatan Ayd\u0131nl\u0131kla Karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ayr\u0131lmas\u0131<\/em> adl\u0131 freskte Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n etraf\u0131n\u0131 saran k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kuma\u015flar bir bal\u0131k beynini<\/em> an\u0131msat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcnlerini anlatan G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in, Ay\u2019\u0131n ve Bitkilerin Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/em> freskini ikiye b\u00f6lerek incelememiz gerekiyor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fc yani bitkilerin yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan sol k\u0131s\u0131mda bir amfibi beyni <\/em>g\u00f6r\u00fcrken d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fc yani G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in ve Ay\u2019\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan sa\u011f k\u0131s\u0131mda primat olmayan bir memeli beyni<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Ayr\u0131ca ilk defa burada melekler belirmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Bunu da geli\u015fimsel s\u00fcrecin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak saymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Be\u015finci g\u00fcnde yani Ya\u015fayan Canl\u0131lar\u0131n Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019nda<\/em> ise insan olmayan primata ait bir beyin yap\u0131s\u0131<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Gittik\u00e7e belirginle\u015fen korteks yap\u0131s\u0131 ise dikkat \u00e7ekici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nihayet alt\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcne yani Adem\u2019in Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019na<\/em> geldi\u011fimizde bizi \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir insan beyni<\/em> kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Di\u011fer resimlere k\u0131yasla bu resimde daha fazla melek de bulunuyor. Yani birinci g\u00fcnden alt\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcne kadar omurgal\u0131lara ait beyin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimsel bir s\u0131rayla resmedilmesi Michelangelo\u2019nun sadece insan de\u011fil hayvan anatomisinde de olduk\u00e7a bilgili oldu\u011funun bir g\u00f6stergesi asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Omurgal\u0131larda Beyin Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Sistina \u015eapeli Tavan\u0131 <\/strong><\/em>(By Jean-Christophe BENOIST) https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=2553662<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEserlerinde anatomi bilgisini dahiyane bir \u015fekilde kullanm\u0131\u015f.\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sistina \u015eapeli tavan\u0131ndaki gizemli anatomik yap\u0131lar sadece bunlarla da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. \u00d6rne\u011fin; K\u0131yamet G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/em> freskine genel bir bak\u0131\u015f att\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda fig\u00fcrlerin bir y\u00fcz<\/em> yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliriz. Beynin art\u0131k karar veren ve bunlarla y\u00fczle\u015fen fonksiyonunun k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fcyle birlikte sunulmas\u0131 da olduk\u00e7a anlaml\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek ise yine Adem\u2019in Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 freskinde bulunan gizlenmi\u015f costa<\/em> fig\u00fcr\u00fc. Adem\u2019in sol dizi ile sol kolu aras\u0131nda kalan k\u0131s\u0131m caput costa ile olduk\u00e7a benzerlik g\u00f6steriyor. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re, Michelangelo bu detayla iki farkl\u0131 inan\u0131\u015fa at\u0131fta bulunmu\u015f: Biri Havva\u2019n\u0131n ademin kaburgas\u0131nda yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan Hristiyanl\u0131k, di\u011feri ise Havva\u2019n\u0131n Adem\u2019in sol yan\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan Yahudi Kabala inanc\u0131. Ancak bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar hen\u00fcz netlik kazanm\u0131\u015f de\u011fil. Yukar\u0131da bahsedilenlere ek olarak Michelangelo\u2019nun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda; b\u00f6brek, akci\u011fer, plasenta gibi birden fazla anatomik yap\u0131 \u00f6rneklerine de rastlanm\u0131\u015f. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 sa\u011flam kan\u0131tlarla desteklenirken baz\u0131lar\u0131 birer benzetmeden ibaret. Yine de her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn eserlerindeki anatomik gizem incelemelerle g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmaya devam ediyor. Ancak kesin olan bir \u015fey var ki o da Michelangelo\u2019nun anatomide olduk\u00e7a ustala\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ve bunu da eserlerinde dahiyane bir \u015fekilde kullanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/h6>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/news\/media\/releases\/brainstem_spinal_cord_images_hidden_in_michelangelos_sistine_chapel_fresco<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

de Campos D. (2019). A hidden rib found in Michelangelo Buonarroti’s fresco The Creation of Adam. Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)<\/em>, 32<\/em>(5), 648\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.23363<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

de Campos, D., Malysz, T., Bonatto-Costa, J. A., Jotz, G. P., de Oliveira Junior, L. P., & da Rocha, A. O. (2015). More than a neuroanatomical representation in The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo Buonarroti, a representation of the Golden Ratio. Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)<\/em>, 28<\/em>(6), 702\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22580<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meshberger F. L. (1990). An interpretation of Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam based on neuroanatomy. JAMA<\/em>, 264<\/em>(14), 1837\u20131841.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Michelangelo; resim, heykel ve mimari gibi alanlarda R\u00f6nesans d\u00f6nemine damga vurmu\u015f bir sanat\u00e7\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bir anatomi dehas\u0131. Herhangi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":580,"featured_media":10798,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,2139],"tags":[2137,567,1102,2136,616,66],"acf":[],"views":965,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10797"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/580"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10797"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10797\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10803,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10797\/revisions\/10803"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}