{"id":10990,"date":"2021-12-23T21:31:04","date_gmt":"2021-12-23T18:31:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=10990"},"modified":"2021-12-23T21:43:44","modified_gmt":"2021-12-23T18:43:44","slug":"tibbin-derinliklerinde-yunan-mitolojisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/tip-ve-sanat\/tibbin-derinliklerinde-yunan-mitolojisi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0131bb\u0131n Derinliklerinde Yunan Mitolojisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Baz\u0131 anatomik yap\u0131lar\u0131n, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ya da hastal\u0131klar\u0131n isimlerinin fantastik birer hik\u00e2yeden geldi\u011fini duymak ilginizi \u00e7ekmez miydi? Ya da efsunla dolu bu hikayelerin i\u00e7eri\u011finde baz\u0131 t\u0131bbi bilgiler bulsan\u0131z \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmaz m\u0131yd\u0131n\u0131z? \u0130\u015fte Yunan mitolojisi; tanr\u0131lar, tanr\u0131\u00e7alar ve kahramanlar\u0131n hikayeleriyle dolu efsanevi bir d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tasvir etmesinin de \u00f6tesinde t\u0131p literat\u00fcr\u00fcne kaynak olu\u015fturmas\u0131 sebebiyle bir\u00e7ok yerde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Siz de bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ve daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kenini merak ediyorsan\u0131z, gelin Yunan mitolojisinin efsanelerle dolu derinliklerine birlikte inelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Asklepios\u2019un Asas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hepimiz t\u0131bb\u0131n sembol\u00fcn\u00fc, yani etraf\u0131nda tek bir y\u0131lan dolanm\u0131\u015f asay\u0131 biliyoruz. Peki bu asan\u0131n t\u0131bb\u0131n ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131 olan Asklepios<\/em><\/strong>\u2019a ait oldu\u011funu biliyor muydunuz?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efsaneye g\u00f6re; Apollon\u2019un o\u011flu Asklepios, do\u011fan\u0131n iyile\u015ftirici g\u00fc\u00e7lerini \u00f6\u011frenerek yeti\u015ftirilir. \u0130yiliklerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise bir y\u0131lan ona hekimlik bilgeli\u011finin s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir. Asklepios bu y\u0131lan\u0131 asas\u0131na dolar ve hastalar\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret ederken onu yan\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 ay\u0131rmaz. Bilgileri sayesinde art\u0131k hekimli\u011fin b\u00fct\u00fcn iyile\u015ftirici g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olan Asklepios bu i\u015fte o kadar ustala\u015f\u0131r ki sadece hastalar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6l\u00fcleri de diriltmeye ba\u015flar. Ancak insanlar\u0131n da \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz olmas\u0131 fikri ba\u015fta Zeus olmak \u00fczere tanr\u0131lar\u0131n ho\u015funa gitmez ve Asklepios Zeus taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Asklepios\u2019un kendisi gibi hekim tanr\u0131 olan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ise her ne kadar babalar\u0131n\u0131n hekimlik bilgeli\u011fine ula\u015famasalar da onun \u00f6\u011fretilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam ederler. \u00d6zellikle k\u0131z\u0131 Hygieia<\/em><\/strong> temizli\u011fin tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olarak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kar. Babas\u0131n\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmedeki nam\u0131n\u0131, o hastal\u0131klardan korunma olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hijyen<\/em><\/strong> kelimesi de tanr\u0131\u00e7a Hygieia\u2019dan gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Asklepios Heykeli<\/em><\/strong>
Nina Aldin Thune – The Norwegian (bokm\u00e5l) Wikipedia, Bilde:Asklepios.3.jpg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=762534

<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Efsaneden Ger\u00e7e\u011fe: Prometheus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok konuda bilgisiz oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcz hep. Ancak baz\u0131 hikayelerdeki baz\u0131 detaylar, sahip olduklar\u0131 bilgilerin tahmin etti\u011fimizden daha fazla oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterebiliyor. Prometheus<\/em><\/strong>\u2019un hikayesi de bunlardan biri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prometheus, ad\u0131 \u201c\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc\u201d<\/em> anlam\u0131na gelen bir titan. Yunan Tanr\u0131lar\u0131 ve titanlar aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015fta \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc sayesinde tanr\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sava\u015f\u0131r ve sava\u015f\u0131 tanr\u0131lar kazan\u0131r. Zeus ise minnettarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi olarak onu d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki canl\u0131lar\u0131 yaratmakla g\u00f6revlendirir. Prometheus da tanr\u0131larla ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde olan insan\u0131 yarat\u0131r. Ancak Zeus insanlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn varl\u0131klar olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemez. Bu y\u00fczden onlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc ve savunmas\u0131z k\u0131larak sadece tanr\u0131lara ibadet etmelerini emreder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 canl\u0131lar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde aciz bir \u015fekilde ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmesi ise Prometheus\u2019un ho\u015funa gitmez. Zeus\u2019u kand\u0131rarak Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n evi olan Olimpos\u2019tan \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ate\u015fi insanlara g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Art\u0131k ate\u015fe sahip olan insanl\u0131k ise kendini geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flar ancak geli\u015ftik\u00e7e de tanr\u0131lardan uzakla\u015f\u0131r ve onlar\u0131 tan\u0131maz. Bu durumu fark eden Zeus ise kendisini kand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Prometheus\u2019u cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. Onu bir da\u011fa zincirler ve bir akbabay\u0131 her g\u00fcn Prometheus\u2019un karaci\u011ferinden bir par\u00e7a koparmakla g\u00f6revlendirir. Ancak Prometheus\u2019un karaci\u011feri, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaralara ra\u011fmen her g\u00fcn yenilenir ve Prometheus \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca bu ac\u0131yla ya\u015famaya mahk\u00fbm edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her ne kadar hik\u00e2yenin sonunda Prometheus i\u00e7in \u00fcz\u00fclsek de Antik Yunan halk\u0131n\u0131n karaci\u011ferin rejenerasyon yetene\u011fi<\/em><\/strong>nden haberdar olmas\u0131 da bizleri bir o kadar \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir Kahraman\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcne Sebep Olan A\u015fil Tendonu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anatomi derslerinden a\u015fina oldu\u011fumuz A\u015fil tendonu<\/em><\/strong> nam\u0131n\u0131 sadece v\u00fccudumuzun en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tendonu olmas\u0131ndan alm\u0131yor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda ona ad\u0131n\u0131 veren efsane de Yunan mitolojisinin en \u00fcnl\u00fc efsanelerinden biri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hik\u00e2yenin ba\u015f kahraman\u0131 olan Akhilleus <\/em><\/strong>(Achilles), <\/em>annesi tanr\u0131\u00e7a Thetis taraf\u0131ndan sol topu\u011fundan tutularak \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck nehri olan Styx Nehrine bat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu sayede nehir suyunun de\u011fmedi\u011fi sol topu\u011fu hari\u00e7 v\u00fccudunun her yeri \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fckle kaplan\u0131r ve Yunanlar\u0131n gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olarak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Y\u0131llar ge\u00e7er ve tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan Truva Sava\u015f\u0131<\/em><\/strong> ba\u015flar. \u00d6yle ki, bu sadece Truval\u0131lar\u0131n ve Yunanlar\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, tanr\u0131lar\u0131n da sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Akhilleus da g\u00fcc\u00fc ve kudretinin efsanele\u015fmesi ad\u0131na Yunanlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa kat\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak sava\u015f boyunca yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 onca kahramanl\u0131\u011fa ra\u011fmen \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn i\u015flemedi\u011fi tek yer olan sol topu\u011fundan Truva prensi Paris\u2019in att\u0131\u011f\u0131 okla vurularak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Okun sapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer ise bizim bug\u00fcn A\u015fil tendonu olarak bildi\u011fimiz yere tekab\u00fcl eder. Ancak merak etmeyin, buradan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir yara sizi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. Yine de can\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ac\u0131mas\u0131na ve baz\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcme problemlerine sebep olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Akhilleus’un \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/em><\/strong> – Peter Paul Rubens<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kendine Hayran Narcissus ve Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Narsisizm<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u015finin kendi bedensel ve ruhsal benli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu hayranl\u0131k ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k olarak tan\u0131mlanan ve psikiyatrik rahats\u0131zl\u0131klardan biri olan narsisizm<\/em><\/strong> de ismini mitolojik bir karakter olan Narcissus<\/em><\/strong>\u2019tan al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efsane, Narcissus\u2019un \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir bebek olarak do\u011fmas\u0131yla ba\u015flar. Ancak do\u011fumuyla beraber bir kehanet s\u00f6ylenir. Kehanete g\u00f6re Narcissus, kendi g\u00fczelli\u011finin fark\u0131na varmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece uzun bir hayat ya\u015fayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Narcissus b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 herkes taraf\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7eken bir avc\u0131 olur. Fakat kendisini sevenleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmser ve hor g\u00f6r\u00fcr. G\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn avlanmak i\u00e7in gitti\u011fi ormanda bir su perisi taraf\u0131ndan takip edilir. Echo adl\u0131 bu su perisi Narcissus\u2019un g\u00fczelli\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fclenmi\u015f ve ona \u00e2\u015f\u0131k olmu\u015ftur. Narcissus ise takip edildi\u011fini anlar ve ona a\u015fk\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Echo\u2019yu tersleyerek uzakla\u015f\u0131r. Kalbi k\u0131r\u0131lan Echo ise geri kalan hayat\u0131n\u0131 ormanda h\u00fcz\u00fcnle dola\u015farak ge\u00e7irir ve en sonunda ondan geriye sadece yank\u0131 (ing. Echo) sesleri kal\u0131r. Tanr\u0131lar ise bu olaya \u00e7ok k\u0131zarlar ve Narcissus\u2019u kendini be\u011fenmi\u015fli\u011fiyle cezaland\u0131rmak isterler. Yine bir g\u00fcn avlanmak i\u00e7in ormana giden Narcissus, \u00e7ok susar ve su i\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bir g\u00f6l k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na yana\u015f\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7mek i\u00e7in suya uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6lde yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren Narcissus, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kendisi oldu\u011fundan bihaber yans\u0131mas\u0131na \u00e2\u015f\u0131k olur. Hatta bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6yle derin bir sevgi besler ki g\u00f6l\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lamaz. Yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 seyrederek \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc t\u00fcketir ve bu onun sonu olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Narcissus<\/em><\/strong> – Caravaggio<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tanr\u0131lar, Tanr\u0131\u00e7alar, Kahramanlar ve Daha Fazlas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Peki hastane pratiklerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir alet olan \u015f\u0131r\u0131nga<\/em><\/strong>n\u0131n (ing. syringe) da Tanr\u0131 Pan\u2019dan ka\u00e7mak isterken su kam\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen g\u00fczel Syrinx<\/em><\/strong>\u2019ten geldi\u011fini biliyor muydunuz? Ya da farmakoloji d\u00fcnyas\u0131na damga vurmu\u015f ila\u00e7lardan biri olan morfin<\/em><\/strong>in d\u00fc\u015fler tanr\u0131s\u0131 Morpheus<\/em><\/strong>\u2019tan geldi\u011fini? A\u015fk ve g\u00fczellik tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Aphrodite<\/em><\/strong>\u2019in, afrodizyak<\/em><\/strong> kelimesinin k\u00f6keni oldu\u011funu duymu\u015f muydunuz hi\u00e7? G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi Yunan mitolojisinin derinliklerine indi\u011fimizde t\u0131p literat\u00fcr\u00fcne girmi\u015f ya da bize o d\u00f6nemin t\u0131bbi bilgileriyle ilgili bilgi vermi\u015f pek \u00e7ok hik\u00e2ye ve karakter bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Mesle\u011fimizin k\u00f6kenlerini olu\u015fturan bu hikayeleri \u00f6\u011frenmek de bir o kadar heyecan verici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n