{"id":2673,"date":"2019-08-05T22:16:40","date_gmt":"2019-08-05T19:16:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=2673"},"modified":"2019-08-05T22:16:42","modified_gmt":"2019-08-05T19:16:42","slug":"kok-hucre-calismalarinin-parlayan-yildizi-ips-hucreleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/kok-hucre-calismalarinin-parlayan-yildizi-ips-hucreleri\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f6k H\u00fccre \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n Parlayan Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131: iPS H\u00fccreleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda insan kordon kan\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilen k\u00f6k h\u00fccreler,\ngeride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z 41 sene i\u00e7erisinde bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir\nk\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n odak noktas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eder hale geldi. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda k\u00f6k\nh\u00fccrelerin \u00f6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler kaydedildi. Ama bunlardan\nbir tanesi tabiri caizse yeni bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7t\u0131. Japon ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Shinya Yamanaka,\n 4 fakt\u00f6r yard\u0131m\u0131yla (Oct3\/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) – Yamanaka\nfakt\u00f6rleri –  olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00fccrelerin\ntekrardan pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccrelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti. \u00d6nce 2006\ny\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalede fare fibroblastlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden programlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,\n2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise insan fibroblastlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden programlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Elde\nedilen bu h\u00fccrelere iPS (induced pluripotent stem cell) ad\u0131 verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 geli\u015fmeden sonra k\u00f6k h\u00fccrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bilim\ninsanlar\u0131 odak noktalar\u0131n\u0131 iPS h\u00fccrelerine \u00e7evirdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu bulu\u015fla birlikte\nembriyodan h\u00fccre alma konusundaki etik problemlerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilip hastan\u0131n\nderisinden al\u0131nan bir h\u00fccre \u00f6nce iPS h\u00fccresine ard\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacak spesifik\nh\u00fccreye (kardiyomiyosit,n\u00f6ron vb.) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp istenilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131labilir\nhale geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

iPS h\u00fccrelerinin temel kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131 3 maddede toplayabiliriz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– hastal\u0131k modeli<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– rejeneratif t\u0131p<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– ila\u00e7 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hastal\u0131k Modeli<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hastal\u0131k modelleri hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n patogenezinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda\nve tedaviye y\u00f6nelik ila\u00e7 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn\nbir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131k modelinin iPS k\u00f6k h\u00fccre modelleri elde edilmi\u015ftir. Bu\nhastal\u0131klar i\u00e7erisinde Amyotrofik lateral skleroz (ALS), Spinal muskular\natrofi, Parkinson hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, Talasemi, Duchen muskuler distrofi, Tip 1 DM, Down\nsendromu, Lesch Nyhan sendromu say\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rejeneratif T\u0131p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n, hasar g\u00f6ren v\u00fccut dokular\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi\nkonusunda se\u00e7enekleri s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 durumdad\u0131r. Mesela ileri evre bir kalp\nyetmezli\u011finin tedavisinde iki tedavi se\u00e7ene\u011fimiz var: yapay kalpler veya kalp\nnakli. Bunlardan ilki pahal\u0131 olmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden, ikincisi de az bulunmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden\nhastalar\u0131n tedavisinde yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu noktada iPS\nh\u00fccrelerinin rejeneratif t\u0131pta kullan\u0131labilme ihtimali bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131\nheyecanland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Yamanaka’n\u0131n ISSCR 2019 kongresinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunumdan \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130la\u00e7 Geli\u015ftirme \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geli\u015ftirilen hasta ve hastal\u0131k spesifik iPS h\u00fccreler, yeni\nila\u00e7 test ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 hem kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmakta, hem de farmakolojik ve\ntoksikolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki, gelecek y\u0131llarda iPS h\u00fccrelerinin klinik kullan\u0131ma girdi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131z. B\u00f6ylece hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisi algoritmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla t\u0131bb\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finde k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklikler bizleri bekliyor!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ho\u015f\u00e7akal\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/p>\n\n\n\n