{"id":5500,"date":"2020-04-26T13:36:48","date_gmt":"2020-04-26T10:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=5500"},"modified":"2020-09-12T18:11:42","modified_gmt":"2020-09-12T15:11:42","slug":"sinirbilimin-babasi-cajal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/sinirbilimin-babasi-cajal\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0130N\u0130RB\u0130L\u0130M\u0130N BABASI CAJAL"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cajal-va.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0130spanyol bilim insan\u0131 Santiago Ram\u00f3n Y Cajal, 1 May\u0131s 1852’de \u0130spanya\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla sinirbilimin geli\u015fmesine b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilimsel Kariyerinden \u00d6nce<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaramazl\u0131klarla dolu bir \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6nemi ge\u00e7irdi, ard\u0131ndan berber ve ayakkab\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u0131rakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bu i\u015fler ona g\u00f6re de\u011fildi, sanata d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnd\u00fc. Sanat\u00e7\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in okula geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve liseyi tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir cerrah ve anatomi profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan babas\u0131 o\u011flunun doktor olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu. Onu mezarl\u0131klara g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek anatomiye ilgi duymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Cajal 1868\u2019de Zaragoza \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ne t\u0131p okumak i\u00e7in kaydoldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1873\u2019te T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesinden 21 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken mezun oldu. 1874-75 y\u0131llar\u0131nda askeri hekim olarak K\u00fcba\u2019da g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. Orada s\u0131tma ve dizanteriden muzdarip olunca geri g\u00f6nderildi ve bir s\u00fcre ailesinin bak\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duydu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilimsel Kariyere Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1875’in sonlar\u0131nda Zaragoza \u00dcniversitesi’nde Anatomi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde y\u00fcksek lisans asistan\u0131 olarak ba\u015flad\u0131.  Profes\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe kadar y\u00fckseldi ve 1883 y\u0131l\u0131nda Valencia \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ne atand\u0131. Kariyerinin bu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, kas liflerinin yap\u0131s\u0131, kolera ve epitel dokunun yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1887’de Barselona \u00dcniversitesi’nde Histoloji ve Patolojik Anatomi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde profes\u00f6r olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve 1892 y\u0131l\u0131nda Madrid \u00dcniversitesi’nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cajal’\u0131n retina \u00e7izimi

https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cajal_Retina.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Sinirbilime Katk\u0131lar\u0131\nve Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Psikiyatri ve n\u00f6roloji profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan Lu\u00eds Simarro\u2019nun laboratuvar\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ziyaret s\u0131ras\u0131nda Golgi Metodu* <\/strong>ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Laboratuvarda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc histolojik sinir dokular\u0131 ona ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu. Bu metotla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yaparken metodun prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde uygulad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(*Camillo\nGolgi taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen \u0131\u015f\u0131k mikroskobisi alt\u0131nda sinir dokusunu\nincelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fle boyama tekni\u011fi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cajal, sinir h\u00fccreleri hakk\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda sinir h\u00fccrelerinin birbirlerine kesintisiz bir a\u011f \u015feklinde ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yayg\u0131nd\u0131 (<\/strong>Retik\u00fcler Teori<\/strong><\/em>)<\/strong>. Cajal, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla Retik\u00fcler Teorinin yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu ve N\u00f6ron Doktrinini<\/strong> yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Doktrine g\u00f6re n\u00f6ron, sinir sisteminin yap\u0131sal ve fonksiyonel birimi olup anatomik olarak s\u00fcrekli olmayan bireysel h\u00fccrelerdir. N\u00f6ron Doktrini, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz sinirbiliminin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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“\u0130nsan korteksinin duyusal alanlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131”
Sol: Yeti\u015fkin bir insan\u0131n g\u00f6rsel korteksi. Orta: Yeti\u015fkin bir insan\u0131n motor korteksi.
Sa\u011f: 1-2 ayl\u0131k bir bebe\u011fin korteksi.

https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cajal_cortex_drawings.png<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Cajal ayr\u0131ca n\u00f6ronlarda iletinin tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi, bir\u00e7ok sinir sistemi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceledi, ve <\/strong>piramidal n\u00f6ronlar\u0131* ke\u015ffetti. Ayr\u0131ca uygun ko\u015fullarda n\u00f6ral ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n artmas\u0131yla beyin kapasitesinin artabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc ki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu \u201cN\u00f6roplastisite\u201d<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(*beyinde\nserebral korteks, hipokampus ve amigdalada bulunan n\u00f6ron)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Camillo Golgi ile beraber sinir sisteminin konusundaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla 1906 T\u0131p ya da Fizyoloji Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc<\/strong> almaya hak kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Cajal’\u0131n n\u00f6ron \u00e7izimlerinden

https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Debuixos_Santiago_Ram\u00f3n_y_Cajal.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cajal; ayn\u0131 zamanda bir sanatseverdi. \u00d6zellikle foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hevesle ilgilendi. Uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r ilgilendi\u011fi resim sanat\u0131n\u0131 bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yans\u0131tt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cajal, 17 Ekim 1934’te hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti ve Madrid’de, e\u015finin yan\u0131ndaki mezara g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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https:\/\/wellcomecollection.org\/works\/jx7rgm2r<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine\n1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967 https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/1906\/cajal\/biographical\/<\/a><\/li>
  2. “Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal.” Famous\nScientists. famousscientists.org. 10 Nov. 2014. Web. 4\/24\/2020  http:\/\/www.famousscientists.org\/santiago-ramon-y-cajal\/<\/a><\/li>
  3. http:\/\/molekulerbiyolojivegenetik.org\/santiago-ramon-y-cajal\/<\/a><\/li>
  4. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/<\/a><\/li>
  5. Simge Aykan Zergero\u011flu, Erhan Nal\u00e7ac\u0131. Santiago\nRamon y Cajal and Neuron Doctrine. Turk J Neurol. 2015; 21(3): 81-84 <\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0130spanyol bilim insan\u0131 Santiago Ram\u00f3n Y Cajal, 1 May\u0131s 1852’de \u0130spanya\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla sinirbilimin geli\u015fmesine b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":265,"featured_media":5513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[375,948,986,453,217,283,949,707],"acf":[],"views":2368,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5500"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/265"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5500"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5500\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6987,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5500\/revisions\/6987"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5500"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}