{"id":5832,"date":"2020-05-26T14:00:17","date_gmt":"2020-05-26T11:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=5832"},"modified":"2020-10-10T15:10:24","modified_gmt":"2020-10-10T12:10:24","slug":"bir-oncu-gertrude-elion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/bir-oncu-gertrude-elion\/","title":{"rendered":"GERTRUDE EL\u0130ON"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"
https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gertrude_Elion.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nobel T\u0131p veya Fizyoloji \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Gertrude Elion 23 Ocak 1918\u2019de New York\u2019ta d\u00fcnyaya geldi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lisede t\u00fcm derslerle aras\u0131 iyi olsa da b\u00fcy\u00fckbabas\u0131n\u0131 kanserden dolay\u0131 kaybetmesi meslek se\u00e7imini olduk\u00e7a etkiledi. New York City Hunter Koleji\u2019nde kimya dal\u0131nda ihtisas yapt\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elion, 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda New York \u00dcniversitesi Lisans\u00fcst\u00fc kimya program\u0131na kabul edildi. S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndaki tek kad\u0131nd\u0131. 1941’de y\u00fcksek lisans derecesini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan dolay\u0131 erkeklerin i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. Birka\u00e7 i\u015fi denedikten sonra Elion, 1944’te Burroughs Wellcome \u015firketinde George Hitchings\u2019in denetiminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Biyokimya, imm\u00fcnoloji, farmakoloji gibi alanlarda uzmanla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elion ve Hitchings \u00f6zellikle n\u00fckleik asit biyokimyas\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar, o zamanlar bu alanda bilinmeyen \u00e7ok \u015fey vard\u0131. Kanser, enfeksiyon gibi hastal\u0131klarda n\u00fckleik asit metabolizmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen tedaviler bulmay\u0131 hedeflediler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elion et, bal\u0131k ve sebzelerde y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonda bulunan p\u00fcrinlere odakland\u0131. 1950’lerin ortalar\u0131nda, biyokimyadaki at\u0131l\u0131mlar Elion’un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 akut l\u00f6semi tedavisi i\u00e7in ilk iki ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ilac\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Elion & Hitchings

https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:George_Hitchings_and_Gertrude_Elion_1948.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Elion’un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131 geni\u015fledi ve gut tedavisinde\nkullan\u0131lan allopurinol gibi bile\u015fikleri ke\u015ffetti. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin yabanc\u0131\ndokuyu reddetmesini bask\u0131layan azatiyoprin ke\u015ffi, kan ba\u011f\u0131 olmayan vericiler\naras\u0131nda b\u00f6brek naklini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a kendi ba\u015f\u0131na daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve daha\nb\u00fcy\u00fck tak\u0131mlara liderlik etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 1967’de Burroughs Wellcome Deneysel\nTerapi B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak atand\u0131. Sonraki on y\u0131lda Elion\u2019un ekibi, ila\u00e7\n\u015firketlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan \u00e7ekindi\u011fi bir alan olan viral enfeksiyonlar \u00fczerinde\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Elion’un sabr\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 antiviral ilac\u0131 olan\nasiklovirin \u00fcretilmesiyle sonu\u00e7 buldu. Asiklovir genellikle su\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, u\u00e7uk ve\nzona tedavisinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda resmen emekli oldu fakat dan\u0131\u015fman olarak\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1988’de eski meslekta\u015f\u0131 George Hitchings ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Sir James Black ile beraber ila\u00e7 tedavisindeki ke\u015fifleriyle Nobel Fizyoloji veya T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. O zamanlar Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazanan on kad\u0131ndan biri ve doktora olmadan bir Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazanan \u00e7ok az ki\u015fiden biriydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7e\u015fitli \u00fcniversitelerden fahri doktoralar ald\u0131. \u00c7e\u015fitli konularda \u00f6\u011frencilere rehberlik etti. 1991’de Ulusal Mucitler Onur Listesi’ne giren ilk kad\u0131n oldu ve Ulusal Bilim Madalyas\u0131 ile \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ard\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131larla dolu bir kariyer ve onun bulu\u015flar\u0131yla hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yenmi\u015f bir\u00e7ok insan b\u0131rakarak 21 \u015eubat 1999’da 81 ya\u015f\u0131nda hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynaklar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Gertrude B. Elion \u2013 Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2020. Mon. 25 May 2020. https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/1988\/elion\/biographical\/<\/a><\/li>
  2. https:\/\/achievement.org\/achiever\/gertrude-elion\/<\/a><\/li>
  3. https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/gertrude-elion-biochemist<\/a><\/li>
  4. <\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nobel T\u0131p veya Fizyoloji \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Gertrude Elion 23 Ocak 1918\u2019de New York\u2019ta d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Lisede t\u00fcm derslerle aras\u0131 iyi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":265,"featured_media":5837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[946,945,943,947],"acf":[],"views":1361,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5832"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/265"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5832"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7919,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5832\/revisions\/7919"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5832"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5832"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}