{"id":6432,"date":"2020-07-20T00:19:39","date_gmt":"2020-07-19T21:19:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=6432"},"modified":"2020-07-20T00:19:41","modified_gmt":"2020-07-19T21:19:41","slug":"yuksek-kan-kolesterolune-yeni-bir-cozum-bagirsak-bakterileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/yuksek-kan-kolesterolune-yeni-bir-cozum-bagirsak-bakterileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Y\u00fcksek Kan Kolesterol\u00fcne Yeni Bir \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm: Ba\u011f\u0131rsak Bakterileri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kolesterol\nt\u00fcm hayvan h\u00fccrelerinin yap\u0131sal komponenti olmas\u0131; steroid hormonlar\u0131, D\nvitamini ve safra asidinin de prek\u00fcrs\u00f6r maddesi olmas\u0131 nedeniyle insan v\u00fccudu\ni\u00e7in anahtar bir molek\u00fcld\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mikrobiyota\nise son y\u0131llarda hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, gastrointestinal\nkanaldaki bakteri, vir\u00fcs, mantar, protozoa gibi mikroorganizmalar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu\nbir ekosistemdir. Gastrointestinal sistemi tabi olarak etkilemesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra\ndi\u011fer v\u00fccut sistemleriyle de ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131yla \u00e7ok\u00e7a ilgi \u00e7ekiyor.\nYap\u0131lan son ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan biri ise kolesterol metabolizmas\u0131 ile ilgili. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Broad\nInstitute ve Harvard \u00dcniversitesinden bilim insanlar\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131rsaklarda ki\u015finin\nkandaki d\u00fczeylerini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kolesterol metabolize eden bir grup\nbakteri ke\u015ffettiler. “Cell Host and Microbe” dergisinde 15 Haziran\n2020 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan makaleye g\u00f6re bu bakteri t\u00fcrlerine sahip bireylerin\nkan kolesterol d\u00fczeyleri, sahip olmayanlara g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Bu durum ayn\u0131\nzamanda baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin daha \u00e7ok kolesterol t\u00fcketmesine ra\u011fmen bundan daha az\netkilenmesinin nedenini de a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. Bu ke\u015fif, y\u00fcksek kolesterol seviyelerine\nsahip ve bu nedenle kardiyovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131k riski ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filere yeni bir\ntedavi se\u00e7ene\u011fi sunmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nem arz ediyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re bu bakteriler kolesterol\u00fc, daha az absorbe edilen \u201cKoprostenol\u201d ad\u0131ndaki ba\u015fka bir bile\u015fi\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu \u015fekilde fazla kolesterol v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f oluyor. Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa bakterilerin bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 1900 lerin ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri bilim \u00e7evrelerinde konu\u015fuluyordu. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flayan bakterinin ilk kesin kayd\u0131 ise 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve Eubacterium<\/em> cinsi oldu\u011fu belirtildi. Bu tarihten sonra pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma rat, babun, domuz ve insan gibi farkl\u0131 organizmalarda bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flayan bakterilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ekip ilk\nolarak \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da dikkate alarak bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen\nt\u00fcrleri inceledi. Bunlar; Eubacterium\ncoprostanoligenes<\/em>, Bacteriodes dorei<\/em>,\nLactobacillus<\/em> t\u00fcrleri ve Bifidobacterium<\/em> t\u00fcrleri idi. E. Coprostanoligenes <\/em>t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bu\nreaksiyonu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi onaylan\u0131rken deneydeki di\u011fer 17 t\u00fcrde bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\ng\u00f6zlenemedi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mikrobiyotadaki\npek \u00e7ok bakteri t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc olduk\u00e7a zor hatta neredeyse imkans\u0131z. Bunu\nbilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar farkl\u0131 bir yol izlediler ve kolesterol metabolizmas\u0131yla\nili\u015fkili olabilecek genlere y\u00f6neldiler. 6 milyona yak\u0131n mikrobiyal gen dizildi\nve bunlardan sadece 4 \u00fcn\u00fcn kolesterol metabolizmas\u0131na dahil olabildi\u011fi\ng\u00f6zlendi. \u00d6zellikle \u201cIntestinal Stool Metabolism Gene A\u201d (IsmA) olarak\nadland\u0131r\u0131lan bir gen \u00fczerinde durdular. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\nmikrobiomlar\u0131nda IsmA<\/em> genine sahip\nbakteri bulunan bireylerin d\u0131\u015fk\u0131lar\u0131nda, bu geni i\u00e7eren bakterilere sahip\nolmayanlara g\u00f6re %55-75 oran\u0131nda daha az kolesterol bulundu\u011funu belirttiler.\nKan kolesterol seviyeleri ise yine 0,15 mmol daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bakterilerin\nbiyolojisi hen\u00fcz tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olsa da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tepkimeleri ana\nhatlar\u0131yla biliniyor. Buna g\u00f6re kolesterol ilk olarak okside oluyor ve\n\u201cKolestenon\u201d a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Red\u00fcksiyon tepkimesiyle koprostenon olu\u015fuyor ve\nnihayetinde yine red\u00fcksiyonla koprostenol meydana geliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

YEN\u0130 B\u0130R\nTEDAV\u0130 OLAB\u0130L\u0130R<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bakterilerin\nkolesterol metabolizmas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi HMGRC veya PCSK9 gibi genleri\nhedefleyen ve y\u00fcksek kolesterol seviyelerini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilen FDA onayl\u0131\nila\u00e7lardan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahipti. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle gelecekte bu bakterilerin\nprobiyotik vb. y\u00f6ntemlerle mikrobiyomda \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7ok daha fazla tercih edilen\nbir tedavi olmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca\nkolesterol\u00fcn \u0130ntestinal emilimini azaltma stratejisi FDA onayl\u0131 Ezetimib adl\u0131\nila\u00e7ta da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7 ya\u011fda eriyen vitaminlerin emilimini\nbozmaks\u0131z\u0131n kolesterol\u00fcn intestinal emiliminden sorumlu Niemann Pick C1-like\nprotein ekspresyonunu inhibe eder. \u00d6zetle bakterilerin de kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu\ny\u00f6ntemin g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalara devam eden bilim insanlar\u0131 \u015fimdi de bu bakterilerin izolasyonunu sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Kenny,\nDJ, Plichta, DR et al. Cholesterol\nmetabolism by uncultured human gut bacteria influences host cholesterol\nlevel. Cell Host & Microbe<\/em>. Online June 15,\n2020. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    • Williams.\nBroadinstitute.org. Cholesterol-busting gut bacteria may affect people\u2019s\ncardiac health. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      • \u00d6zdemir A,\nB\u00fcy\u00fcktuncer Demirel Z. Beslenme ve Mikrobiyota \u0130li\u015fkisi. J Biotechnol and\nStrategic Health Res. 2017;1 (Special issue): 25-33.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        • Sabuncu T. (2019)\nTEMD Dislipidemi Tan\u0131 ve Tedavi K\u0131lavuzu. 7. bask\u0131. Bayt yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k. s: 54-55.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Kolesterol t\u00fcm hayvan h\u00fccrelerinin yap\u0131sal komponenti olmas\u0131; steroid hormonlar\u0131, D vitamini ve safra asidinin de prek\u00fcrs\u00f6r maddesi olmas\u0131 nedeniyle insan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":6439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[905,187,904],"acf":[],"views":713,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6432"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6432"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6437,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6432\/revisions\/6437"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}