{"id":6440,"date":"2020-07-20T14:12:55","date_gmt":"2020-07-20T11:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=6440"},"modified":"2020-07-20T14:12:57","modified_gmt":"2020-07-20T11:12:57","slug":"tip-tanrisi-asklepios-ve-olumun-giremedigi-tapinak-asklepion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/tip-tanrisi-asklepios-ve-olumun-giremedigi-tapinak-asklepion\/","title":{"rendered":"TIP TANRISI ASKLEP\u0130OS ve \u00d6L\u00dcM\u00dcN G\u0130REMED\u0130\u011e\u0130 TAPINAK ASKLEP\u0130ON"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Yunanistan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde, Ege\nDenizi’nde bulunan bir yar\u0131mada olan Mora Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n do\u011fusunda antik\nzamanlar\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezi olan Asklepion<\/em>\nbulunmaktayd\u0131. D\u00f6nemin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015fehri olan Epidaurus’a ait olan bu merkez, sa\u011fl\u0131k\nimkanlar\u0131, \u015fifal\u0131 sular\u0131 ve yetenekli hekimleriyle ba\u015fta Yunanistan olmak \u00fczere\nd\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan ziyaret\u00e7ilere ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktayd\u0131; ancak\ng\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz hastane anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n aksine Asklepion, T\u0131p tanr\u0131s\u0131 Asklepios’a adanm\u0131\u015f\nkutsal bir tap\u0131nakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Epidaurus’ta bulunan Asklepion modeli, Londra – sciencemuseumgroup<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tarihte Asklepios ad\u0131 ilk olarak \u0130.\u00d6. 8.y\u00fczy\u0131lda\nHomeros’a ait me\u015fhur \u0130liada Destan\u0131’nda ge\u00e7er. \u0130liada’da iyile\u015ftirme\nyetenekleriyle \u00fcn salmas\u0131 ve Yunan ordusunda hekim olan 2 o\u011flunun bulunmas\u0131 ile\nbize tan\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Asklepios heykeli, Nina Aldin Thune – Wikimedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Asklepios, Yunan tanr\u0131lar\u0131ndan zafer ve g\u00fc\u00e7 tanr\u0131s\u0131 Apollon<\/em> ile Teselyal\u0131 fani prenses Coronis<\/em>‘in \u00e7ocu\u011fudur; ancak hamile kalmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ba\u015fka birine a\u015f\u0131k olan Coronis, Apollon taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131larak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Apollon o\u011flunu kurtarmaya karar verir ve tarihteki ilk sezaryen operasyonu ile annesinin yanan bedeninden kurtar\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Asklepios’un hayata ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 bir t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahale ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Asklepios’un annesi Coronis’in rahminden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131, Alessandro Benedetti<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Annesiz b\u00fcy\u00fcyen Asklepios, ona iyile\u015ftirmeyi ve\n\u015fifal\u0131 bitkileri kullanmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011freten babas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yeti\u015ftirilir. Babas\u0131n\u0131n\nyan\u0131s\u0131ra insan ba\u015fl\u0131 at olan bilge Kheiron taraf\u0131ndan da e\u011fitilir. Bu\ne\u011fitimlerin neticesinde \u00e7ok iyi bir hekim ve cerrah olur ve t\u0131p sanat\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fi\ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f derecede y\u00fcceltir. Sonunda Asklepios yaln\u0131zca hastal\u0131klar\u0131 tedavi\netmekle kalmaz, \u00f6l\u00fcleri de diriltmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Apollo, Centaur Chiron ve Asklepios, Napoli Ulusal Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi – ancientrome.ru<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bir kayna\u011fa g\u00f6re Asklepios \u00f6l\u00fcleri diriltme\nyetene\u011fini, ona Athena taraf\u0131ndan bah\u015fedilen Medusa’n\u0131n kan\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlem\ns\u0131ras\u0131nda sa\u011f tarafta dola\u015fan kan\u0131n zehirli, sol tarafta dola\u015fan kan\u0131n ise\nyararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark ederek kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer bir kayna\u011fa g\u00f6re Asklepios, Glaucus’u\niyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bir zindana kapat\u0131l\u0131r. Ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken yan\u0131na bir\ny\u0131lan sokulur. Korkudan ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilemeyen Asklepios asas\u0131yla vurarak\ny\u0131lan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bir s\u00fcre sonra ba\u015fka bir y\u0131lan a\u011fz\u0131nda bir ot ile gelir ve \u00f6l\u00fc\nolan\u0131 diriltir ve birlikte ka\u00e7arlar. Bunu g\u00f6ren Asklepios bu otu Glaucus\n\u00fczerinde kullan\u0131r ve onu iyile\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Asklepios ve Y\u0131lanl\u0131 Asas\u0131, Atina Ulusal Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi – flickr<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcnden g\u00fcne\nAsklepios’un iyile\u015ftirme kabiliyetleri ve \u00f6l\u00fcleri diriltmesi d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ses\ngetirmeye ba\u015flar. Ancak bu durum yer alt\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fclerin tanr\u0131s\u0131 olan Hades’i ve\ny\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mlar ile \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir\u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n\u0131n yeniden hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6ren\nZeus’u k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131r. Zeus faniler ve tanr\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki sonsuz ayr\u0131m\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmaya\nba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve Asklepios’u y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla annesi gibi yakarak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Zeus, National Academy, Atina<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Asklepios \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce elindeki \u015fifa re\u00e7etesini\ntopra\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Zamanla ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n \u00fczerindeki m\u00fcrekkep ya\u011fmurla erir ve topra\u011fa\nkar\u0131\u015farak \u015fifal\u0131 bitki “Sar\u0131msak”a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. (Anadolu’da benzer bir\nhikaye Lokman Hekim i\u00e7in de anlat\u0131l\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apollon, o\u011flunun Zeus taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine\n\u00e7ok sinirlenir ve o\u011flu Asklepios’un ruhunu g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde bir y\u0131ld\u0131z yapar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asklepios a\u011fr\u0131 ge\u00e7irmesiyle tan\u0131nan Epion <\/em>ile evlidir. Epion’dan 6 k\u0131z\u0131 ve 4 o\u011flu olur. K\u0131zlar\u0131ndan Aglaea <\/em>do\u011fal g\u00fczelli\u011fi, Meditrino <\/em>uzun ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131, Hygiea <\/em>temizlik ve hastal\u0131klardan korunmay\u0131, Acesa<\/em>, Panacea<\/em>, Iaso <\/em>ise iyile\u015fme s\u00fcrecini temsil eden tanr\u0131\u00e7alard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Asklepios ve k\u0131z\u0131 Hygiea, Vatikan M\u00fczesi – ancientrome.ru<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Asklepios’un t\u0131p sanat\u0131 ve iyile\u015ftirme miras\u0131\ndevam ettirilmi\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok yetenekli hekim yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan en\n\u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc t\u0131bb\u0131n babas\u0131 olarak nitelendirilen Hipokrat<\/em>‘t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antik zamanlarda Asklepios’a adanm\u0131\u015f\ntap\u0131naklardan Yunanistan’dan Roma’ya kadar her yere yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genellikle\n\u015fehirden uzak tepelere ve iyile\u015ftirme g\u00fcc\u00fc bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131lan kuyular\u0131n\nyanlar\u0131na yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Antik Yunanl\u0131 co\u011frafyac\u0131 Strabo’ya g\u00f6re bu tap\u0131naklar\u0131n\nen eskisi Tricca, Teselya’da bulunmaktad\u0131r ancak buras\u0131 hi\u00e7 ke\u015ffedilememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Aziz Yavuzdo\u011fan’\u0131n Asklepion \u0130ll\u00fcstrasyonu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli\ntap\u0131nak Kos Adas\u0131’nda bulunur. Hipokrat Kos’ludur ve bu tap\u0131nakta yeti\u015ferek\n\u00f6nemli Asklepionlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Asklepion, Kos Adas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Asklepios’un en \u00f6nemli ibadet yeri ise \u0130.\u00d6.\n6.y\u00fczy\u0131lda yap\u0131lan Epidaurus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131’d\u0131r ve bu b\u00f6lge tarih \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemden\nberi sa\u011fl\u0131k tanr\u0131lar\u0131na adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Asklepios Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131, Yunanistan – flickr<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Asklepion’larda tedavi edildiklerinde, insanlar\nonlara yard\u0131m eden tanr\u0131lar\u0131na bir horoz ya da ke\u00e7i kurban ederlerdi. Bunun\nyan\u0131nda tedavi edilen organ\u0131n tablet \u015feklini asmak da yayg\u0131n bir gelenekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, Cutius Gallus tekrar i\u015fitme yetene\u011fini\nkazanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu tableti yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cutius Gallus’un ada\u011f\u0131 – ancientrome.ru<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0130.\u00d6. 4. ve 3. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayan Epidaurus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131, Romal\u0131lar\u0131n egemenli\u011finde de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ancak Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun son d\u00f6nemlerinde talihi terse d\u00f6nen Asklepionlar, Gotlar taraf\u0131ndan 395 y\u0131l\u0131nda sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan 426 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130mparator Theodosius II<\/em>‘nin emriyle Yunanistan zaman\u0131ndan kalan t\u00fcm Pagan inanc\u0131na ait b\u00f6lgelerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131yla tamamen i\u015flevini yitirmi\u015ftir. 522 ve 551 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen depremler sonucunda da Asklepion’lar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge terk edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
  1. Cartwright, Mark. “Asclepius<\/a>.” Ancient History Encyclopedia<\/em>. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 20 Jun 2013. Web. 20 Jul 2020.
    <\/li>
  2. https:\/\/collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk\/<\/a><\/li>
  3. .<\/strong> The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. ENCYCLOP\u00c6DIA BRITANNICA. Asclepius. https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Asclepius<\/a><\/li>
  4. Asclepius: The Greek God of Medicine https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A14ewB4-L5E<\/a><\/li>
  5. Unesco. Unesco World Heritage. Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus. https:\/\/www.unescoworldheritage.net\/greece\/sanctuary-of-asklepios-at-epidaurus\/<\/a> (Published: October 31, 2018). <\/li>
  6. The Birth of Asclepius: A Postmortem Caesarean Like No Other Ed Hughes, MBChB, MSc, FRCSC, Roger Pierson, MS, PhD, FEAS, FCAHS , The Art of Reproduction (A\u011fustos, 2013)<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Yunanistan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde, Ege Denizi’nde bulunan bir yar\u0131mada olan Mora Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n do\u011fusunda antik zamanlar\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezi olan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":340,"featured_media":6451,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,6],"tags":[907,906,911,37,910,257,265,913,66,908,34,909,912],"acf":[],"views":2499,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6440"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/340"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6440"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6459,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6440\/revisions\/6459"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6451"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}