{"id":650,"date":"2019-03-09T16:02:55","date_gmt":"2019-03-09T13:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=650"},"modified":"2019-03-09T16:02:57","modified_gmt":"2019-03-09T13:02:57","slug":"stockholm-sendromu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/stockholm-sendromu\/","title":{"rendered":"Stockholm Sendromu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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-Hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in ba\u011flanmak.<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Stockholm Sendromu Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rehinelerin kendisini rehin alan ki\u015fiye duygusal anlamda ba\u011flanmas\u0131, onlar\u0131n duygular\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya, onlara sadakat g\u00f6stermeye ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma noktas\u0131na gelmelerine\u201cStockholm Sendromu\u201d denmektedir. Bu sendrom psikiyatr Nils Bejerot taraf\u0131ndan adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Stockholm Sendromu, 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olan bir tan\u0131m olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen daha \u00f6nce Mevlana taraf\u0131ndan \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015f olan bir fenomendir: \u201cKurdun kuzuyu yemeye niyetlenmesinde \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak bir \u015fey yok. \u015ea\u015f\u0131lacak olan odur ki, bu kuzu kurda g\u00f6n\u00fcl ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f, a\u015f\u0131k olmu\u015ftur.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stockholm\nSendromu Tarih\u00e7esi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019in ba\u015fkenti Stockholm\u2019de \u00a0Jan Erik Olsson isimli bir adam Kreditbanken adl\u0131 bankaya silahlar ve patlay\u0131c\u0131larla girdi. Havaya ate\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131,\u00a0\u201cHerkes yere yats\u0131n, parti ba\u015fl\u0131yor!\u201d<\/em>\u00a0diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Bu s\u0131rada m\u00fc\u015fteriler ve bir\u00e7ok banka g\u00f6revlisi d\u0131\u015far\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131. Soyguncu d\u00f6rt banka g\u00f6revlisini rehin ald\u0131. Banka polisler taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kaynak: https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/magazine-22447726<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Arabulucu soyguncuyla ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ti\u011finde soyguncunun talepleri\ny\u00fckl\u00fc miktarda para, biraz m\u00fchimmat, cezaevinden bir arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kendi yan\u0131na\ngetirilmesi ve bankan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde haz\u0131r bir araba bulundurulmas\u0131yd\u0131. Soyguncunun\ndedi\u011fine g\u00f6re talepleri yerine getirilirse bu arabaya arkada\u015f\u0131yla birlikte\nbinip gidecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polis h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olan arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak bankaya getirdi,\nbankan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne onlar i\u00e7in bir araba b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Paray\u0131 da kendisine teslim etti.\nAncak soyguncu paralar\u0131 ve arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p ka\u00e7am\u0131yordu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc polis ku\u015fatmay\u0131\nkald\u0131rm\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polis tavanda bir delik a\u00e7t\u0131, iki soyguncu polisin i\u00e7eriye uyu\u015fturucu gaz verece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek (ve do\u011fru tahmin ederek) rehinelerden birisinin boynuna ip ba\u011flay\u0131p tavana ast\u0131, ancak rehinenin ayaklar\u0131 yere de\u011fdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6lm\u00fcyordu. Soyguncular polise, e\u011fer i\u00e7eriye uyu\u015fturucu gaz verirlerse bu rehinenin uyuyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve art\u0131k ayaklar\u0131 yere de\u011fmeyece\u011fi i\u00e7in de bo\u011fularak \u00f6lece\u011fini s\u00f6ylediler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kaynak: https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/magazine-22447726<\/a> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jan Erik Olsson, bankan\u0131n kasas\u0131nda rehineler ile birlikte<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ku\u015fatma alt\u0131 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcn polis i\u00e7eriye girdi ve\nsoyguncular silahlar\u0131n\u0131 atarak teslim oldular. Bu s\u0131rada \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde\nrehineler kendilerini soyguncular\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne atarak siper ettiler ve polisin\nsoyguncular\u0131 vurmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar, ayn\u0131 anda \u201cSak\u0131n onlara ate\u015f\netmeyin!\u201d<\/em> diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soyguncular tutukland\u0131ktan sonra garip bilgiler gelmeye devam\netti. Rehinelerden biri olan Elizabeth Smart\u2019\u0131n ka\u00e7ma \u015fans\u0131 oldu\u011fu halde\nka\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha ilgin\u00e7 olan, bu olaydan sonra rehinelerin soyguncular\u0131 hep\ndesteklemi\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Rehineler mahkemede soygunculara kar\u015f\u0131 ifade vermekten\nka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131lar; hatta aralar\u0131nda para toplay\u0131p onlar\u0131n mahkeme masraflar\u0131n\u0131\nkar\u015f\u0131lamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldular. S\u0131k s\u0131k onlar\u0131 hapishanede ziyaret ettiler. Soygundan y\u0131llar sonra history.com\u2019daki\nbir belgeselde konu\u015fan bir rehine, \u201cSoyguncu beni \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyece\u011fini, sadece baca\u011f\u0131mdan vuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Ne\nkadar nazik ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceli bir insan oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm\u201d<\/em> diyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stockholm Sendromu bu olay\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran psikiyatr ve su\u00e7 uzman\u0131 Nils Bejerot taraf\u0131ndan 1970\u2019li\ny\u0131llarda kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stockholm\nSendromu Kimlerde G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Nas\u0131l Geli\u015fir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her ne kadar Stockholm\u2019deki rehine olay\u0131 ile tan\u0131nan\nbir sendrom olsa da StockholmSendromu yaln\u0131zca rehine olaylar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmemekte\nolup g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n bir\u00e7ok alan\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-\u0130stismara u\u011fram\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocuklar <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-\u0130stismara u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve \u015fiddet g\u00f6ren kad\u0131nlar <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Sava\u015f  tutsaklar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Tarikat \u00fcyeleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Ensest ma\u011fdurlar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-\u00d6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131 tutuklular\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Kontrol edici \/ bask\u0131c\u0131 ili\u015fki\n\u00fcyeleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n

gibi bir\u00e7ok topluluk \u00fcyesi Stockholm Sendromu\u2019nu\nya\u015famaktalard\u0131r (Carver, 2007:1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stockholm Sendromu\u2019nun geli\u015fiminde temel \u00f6geler \u201ckurban\u0131n hayatta kalma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc\u201d,\u201cd\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan soyutlanma\u201d, \u201cka\u00e7amayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilme\u201d gibi olgulard\u0131r. Sald\u0131rgan\u0131n ba\u015ftaki amac\u0131 kurban\u0131 k\u00f6lele\u015ftirmektir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kurban\u0131n sald\u0131rgan\u0131n her istedi\u011fini yapmas\u0131 da yeterli de\u011fildir. Sald\u0131rgan, kurban\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirmenin de \u00f6tesinde yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamak ve onaylatmak durumundad\u0131r. Burada asl\u0131nda sald\u0131rgan, psikolojik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kurban \u00fczerinden kar\u015f\u0131lar. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kurban ve sald\u0131rgan aras\u0131nda travmatik bir duygusal ba\u011f olu\u015fur. Kurbanlar, sald\u0131rganlar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler ve onlarla hareket etmeye ba\u015flarlar. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te sald\u0131rgan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en ufak iyilikler dahi kurban\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli hale gelir. Buna \u00f6rnek olarak toplumda e\u015finden \u015fiddet g\u00f6ren kad\u0131nlar\u0131n e\u015flerinin kendilerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en ufak pozitif davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir mutlulukla kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 ve\u201casl\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc biri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d konusunda kendisini ikna olgusu haline getirmesi \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir. Hatta iyilikten ziyade bazen olmas\u0131 gereken davran\u0131\u015flar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya da \u015fiddet g\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fi anlarda dahi bu hareketler ya da sald\u0131rmama durumlar\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde\u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck bir l\u00fctuf\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sald\u0131rgan ile ayn\u0131 korkular\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 da s\u0131kl\u0131kla\ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kurban, olaya sald\u0131rgan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcyle de bakmaya ba\u015flar (Fuselier,\n1999:24). Stockholm Sendromu ya\u015fayan ki\u015filerde bipolarki\u015filik bozuklu\u011funun\netkisi b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Stockholm Sendromu\u2019nu ya\u015fayan ki\u015filerdeg\u00f6r\u00fclen\nbelirtiler bipolar ki\u015filik bozuklu\u011fu belirtileriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr (Maiuro ve\nO\u2019Leary, 2001:78).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stockholm Sendromu olarak tan\u0131mlanan bu\ntepki t\u00fcr\u00fcnde kimi s\u00fcr\u00fcngenlerde ve insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki memelilerde de \u2013\u00f6zellikle\nde \u015fempanzelerde- rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael Chance (1988), bask\u0131n bir erkek\ntaraf\u0131ndan sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan maymunlar\u0131n, sald\u0131r\u0131dan sonra kendisine sald\u0131ran\nbu maymuna s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Ona g\u00f6re bunun nedeni, \u015fiddete u\u011frayan\nmaymunun kendi g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Maymun, bulundu\u011fu ortamdaki\nen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc maymunun hangisi oldu\u011funu ya\u015fayarak \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir. Hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in\ngruptaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bireye \u201cbiat etmesi\u201d gerekti\u011fini anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yenilen maymunun\nmuhtemelen aciz, yaral\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kendisini\n\u015fiddetle t\u0131rmalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve t\u0131rnaklar\u0131n\u0131 yedi\u011fi de g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6pekler, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir k\u00f6pek kendisine sald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131rt\u00a0\u00fcst\u00fc yat\u0131p bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 oynatarak yavru k\u00f6pekleri \u201ctaklit ederler\u201d. Bu \u015fekilde, kendilerinin bu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bireye kar\u015f\u0131 ciddi bir tehdit olmad\u0131klar\u0131 mesaj\u0131n\u0131 verirler (Chance, 1988).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

STOCKHOLM SENDROMU’NUN MEDYA \u00d6RNEKLER\u0130:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– George Orwell 1984 isimli roman\u0131n\u0131 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve kitapta Winston karakterlerinin, kendisine i\u015fkence yapan ki\u015fiye a\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011funu anlatmaktayd\u0131 – \u0130lk \u00e7ekimi 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan King Kong filminde de, canavara kurban edilmek \u00fczere olan sar\u0131\u015f\u0131n k\u0131z King Kong taraf\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131l\u0131r, k\u0131z da onu sever\u2026 – Cellad\u0131na a\u015f\u0131k olan k\u00f6le – A life less ordinary filminden karaler – They weren t bad people they let me eat, they let me sleep, they gave me my life, a hostage from flight 847 – Costa Gavras\u2019\u0131n Mad City filmi, – G\u00fczel ve \u00c7irkin (Beauty and the Beast) filmi – Terence Stamp\u2019\u0131n oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 The Collector, – Woody Allen\u2019in Sleeper, – Sidney Lumet\u2019nin Dog Day Afternoon, – Nick Cassavetes\u2019in John Q filmi, – David Hackl\u2019\u0131n\u00a0 Saw (Testere)\u00a0 filmi – Samuel L.Jackson ve Kevin Spacey ba\u015froll\u00fc\u00a0 \u201cThe Negotiator\u201c filmi – Stockholm Sendromunun \u00f6rneklendi\u011fi \u00f6yk\u00fcleri olan ba\u015fka yap\u0131mlard\u0131r\u2026 T\u00fcrk Sinemas\u0131ndaki \u00f6rnekleri i\u00e7in; – G\u0131rg\u0131r ali, C\u00fcneyt Ark\u0131n-H\u00fclya Ko\u00e7yi\u011fit – Seni seviyorum, Ya\u015far Alptekin, Melike Zobu – F\u0131rt\u0131na, Kadir \u0130nan\u0131r, Harika De\u011firmenci – Deniz Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131, Kenan Kalav, G\u00fclben Ergen<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  \nSon olarak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evrimsel, psikolojik ya da sosyolojik a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n hepsinde\nmevcut ortak bir noktadan s\u00f6z edilebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Kendini se\u00e7eneksiz\nhisseden birey, yeni \u015fartlar\u0131na adapte olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her bir canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in\nhayatta kalman\u0131n odak noktas\u0131, \u00e7evreye uyum sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bu \u00e7evresel \u015fartlar ne\nkadar s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olursa, birey de o kadar s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir uyum yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.\nBir\u00e7ok durumda da sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 uyum sadece davran\u0131\u015fsal boyutta kalmaz,\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel\/duygusal bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm de ge\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir insan\u0131n y\u00fcksek dereceden bir tehlike ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\ndo\u011fal i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc, di\u011fer t\u00fcrlerde oldu\u011fu gibi sava\u015fmak ya da ka\u00e7makt\u0131r. Bu,\nt\u00fcm hayvanlar\u0131n en temel d\u00fcrt\u00fclerindendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak bireyin tehdit kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u201csava\u015f ya da ka\u00e7\u201d se\u00e7eneklerinin\nikisi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda se\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir yol olarak, tehdit yaratan\nbireyin asl\u0131nda tehdit olmayabilece\u011fi \u015feklindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel\/duygusal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm onu\nhayata ba\u011flar. Freud, y\u00fcksek tehdit alt\u0131nda bulunan bir insan\u0131n, i\u00e7inde\nbulundu\u011fu duruma uygun savunma mekanizmas\u0131 geli\u015ftirerek kendisini tehdit edenle\n\u00f6zde\u015fim kurabilece\u011finden, bu \u015fekilde zihnen \u201ctehdit edilen\u201dden \u201ctehdit eden\u201de\nd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilece\u011finden bahseder. Yani ma\u011fdur, sald\u0131rganla \u00f6zde\u015fim kurar (Sandler,\n1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se\u00e7enekleri  t\u00fckenen  birey kendisine farkl\u0131 bir se\u00e7enek yaratm\u0131\u015f\nolur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sava\u015famaz, ka\u00e7amaz; ancak bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131\nde\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kamayacaklar\u0131 bir durum, tehdit ya da \u015fiddet alt\u0131nda\nk\u00f6pekler s\u0131rt \u00fcst\u00fc yat\u0131p bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 sallar, maymunlar t\u0131rnaklar\u0131n\u0131 yer,\ninsanlar ise boyun e\u011fip diz \u00e7\u00f6kerler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onlara diz \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcrenler ise b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla, bir zamanlar\nba\u015fkas\u0131na diz \u00e7\u00f6kenlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Stockholm Sendromu Nedir? Rehinelerin kendisini rehin alan ki\u015fiye duygusal anlamda ba\u011flanmas\u0131, onlar\u0131n duygular\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya, onlara sadakat g\u00f6stermeye ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":653,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[62],"acf":[],"views":1280,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/56"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=650"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":672,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650\/revisions\/672"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}