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<\/figure>\n\n\n\nDNA A\u015eILARI <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Vir\u00fcs antijenini kodlayan DNA par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccuda direkt enjekte edilmesi y\u00f6ntemine dayan\u0131r. Canl\u0131 olarak vir\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7ermedi\u011finden enfeksiyon riski ta\u015f\u0131maz. Vir\u00fcs antijenini kodlayan gen bir plazmid arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla h\u00fccre i\u00e7ine girer, konak h\u00fccre DNA’s\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131r ve antijen \u00fcretimi h\u00fccre i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bu a\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc hem h\u00fccresel ve humoral imm\u00fcn yan\u0131t\u0131 birlikte uyarmas\u0131yla hem de uzun s\u00fcreli ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131yla avantajl\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntemdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu strateji ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 16 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fta Inovio ila\u00e7 \u015firketi olmak \u00fczere Beijing Advaccine Biotechnology, Ology Bioservices, VGXI, Richter-Helm gibi \u015firketlerle i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Salg\u0131n Haz\u0131rl\u0131k Yenilikleri Koalisyonu (CEPI) bug\u00fcne kadar bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in 17,2 milyon dolar destekte bulundu. Ayr\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya Bill & Melinda Gates vakf\u0131 5 milyon dolar ve ABD Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tam 71 milyon dolar ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eirket, daha \u00f6nce MERS\nCoronavir\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in \u201cS\u201d proteinini hedefleyen bir a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretmi\u015fti. Bu tecr\u00fcbelerini\nde kullanarak SARS-CoV2 i\u00e7in de yine S proteinini hedefleyen bir a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretme\nyolunda ilerliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n preklinik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 may\u0131s ay\u0131nda Nature\u2019da yay\u0131mland\u0131. 3 Nisan 2020 de 120 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 hedeflenerek faz 1 klinik deneylere ba\u015flayan ekip 30 Haziran\u2019da bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131lar. 22 Haziran\u2019da ise faz 2 deneylere 160 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 hedefiyle ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 2020 sonuna kadar 1 milyon doz \u00fcretim yapmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar SARS-CoV2\ngenomundan elde ettikleri 3 farkl\u0131 S proteini genini bir plazmide aktard\u0131lar.\nPlazmidi bar\u0131nd\u0131ran vekt\u00f6rler \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131ld\u0131. Bu sayede hedeflenen S proteinin de\n\u00fcretildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Plazmidlerin fare ve domuzlara enjeksiyonundan sonra yakla\u015f\u0131k\n14 g\u00fcnde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir T lenfosit yan\u0131t\u0131 ve n\u00f6trle\u015ftirici antikor \u00fcretimi oldu\u011fu\nbildirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 1 deneylerinde ise 40 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcye elektroporasyon y\u00f6ntemi uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 takiben intradermal olarak 4 hafta arayla iki doz enjekte edildi. 6 hafta sonra deneklerin %94 \u00fcnde imm\u00fcn cevap olu\u015ftu\u011fu g\u00f6sterildi. Ayr\u0131ca 8 hafta boyunca ciddi bir yan etkiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131. Rapor edilen t\u00fcm yan etkiler 1. seviyede kald\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ayr\u0131ca Inovio, INO-4800’\u00fcn oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda stabil kalabilen ve dondurulmas\u0131 gerekmeyen tek n\u00fckleik asit tabanl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirityor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Genexine \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar 13 Mart 2020 tarihinde ba\u015flad\u0131. Binex ve bir T\u00fcrk firmas\u0131 olan ILKO ile de i\u015f birlikleri kurulan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada 17 Haziran\u2019da 210 hedef kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla faz 1\/2 klinik deneylere ge\u00e7ildi. A\u015f\u0131, G\u00fcney Kore G\u0131da ve \u0130la\u00e7 G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan klinik deney onay\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f ilk yerli a\u015f\u0131 olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkemizde Ege \u00dcniversitesi \u0130la\u00e7 Geli\u015ftirme ve Farmakokinetik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Uygulama Merkezi A\u015f\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Geli\u015ftirme grubu taraf\u0131ndan DNA tabanl\u0131 covid 19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in ilk a\u015fama olan a\u015f\u0131 antijen tasar\u0131m\u0131 14 Nisan\u2019da tamamland\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u015fu an preklinik a\u015famada. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6l\u00fc vir\u00fcs\u00fcn v\u00fccuda enjeksiyonu y\u00f6ntemine dayan\u0131r. Vir\u00fcs yap\u0131s\u0131 korunmu\u015ftur. Atten\u00fce a\u015f\u0131ya k\u0131yasla antijen dozu daha fazlad\u0131r. Kal\u0131c\u0131 imm\u00fcnite i\u00e7inse ilave dozlar gereklidir. Hepatit A, Kolera, Veba, Kuduz a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 bu y\u00f6ntemle \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Bu stratejiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 14 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7in men\u015feli SinoVac taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n faz 1\/2 deneyleri 16 Nisan\u2019da \u00c7in\u2019in Jiangsu eyaletinde ve 20 May\u0131s\u2019ta yine \u00c7in\u2019in Hebei eyaletinde ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. S\u0131ras\u0131yla 744 ve 422 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla deneyler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi ve 2 Temmuz\u2019da faz 3 deneyleri dokuz bine yak\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 hedefiyle Brezilya\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar farkl\u0131 su\u015flar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in \u00c7in, \u0130talya, \u0130svi\u00e7re, \u0130ngiltere ve \u0130spanya\u2019daki toplam 11 hastan\u0131n bronkoalveolar lavaj s\u0131v\u0131 \u00f6rneklerini toplad\u0131. \u0130naktive a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in bu 11 farkl\u0131 su\u015f i\u00e7inden \u201cCN2\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan su\u015f se\u00e7ildi ve ileri a\u015famalar bunun \u00fczerinden devam etti. Ayr\u0131ca viruslar\u0131n inaktivasyonunda beta-propiolakton kullan\u0131ld\u0131. 6 May\u0131s\u2019ta yay\u0131mlanan sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re aday a\u015f\u0131, farelerde SARS-CoV2 ye spesifik n\u00f6tralize edici antikorlar\u0131 ind\u00fckledi. Antikorlar ise d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda var olan temsili 10 SARS-CoV2 su\u015funu kuvvetle etkisiz hale getirdi ve a\u015f\u0131lamadan 14 g\u00fcn sonra antikor \u00fcretimini ind\u00fckleyebildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Sinopharm ila\u00e7 \u015firketi ve \u00c7in Hastal\u0131k Kontrol ve Koruma Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan ortak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada faz 1\/2 deneyleri 12 Nisan\u2019da 1120 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla \u00c7in\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131. Deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re hi\u00e7bir ciddi yan etki g\u00f6zlenmedi ve a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011fu belirtildi. 17 Temmuz\u2019da Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019nde ise faz 3 deneylere ge\u00e7ildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7in T\u0131bbi Bilimler Akademisi T\u0131bbi Biyoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yine vir\u00fcs inaktivasyonu y\u00f6ntemine dayan\u0131yor. Daha \u00f6nce polioya kar\u015f\u0131 atten\u00fce ve inaktive a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcreten kurum bu konuda b\u00fcy\u00fck tecr\u00fcbe sahibi oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n faz 1 deneyleri 942 hedef kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 ile 15 May\u0131s\u2019ta ve faz 2 deneyleri ise 10 Temmuz’da ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkemizde Sel\u00e7uk \u00dcniversitesi ve Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi bu stratejiyle a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u015fu an preklinik fazdad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Atten\u00fcasyon, patojen mikroorganizman\u0131n ilk kona\u011f\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir kona\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 vir\u00fclans geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in mutasyonlara u\u011framas\u0131 sonucunda ilk kona\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 vir\u00fclans\u0131n\u0131 azaltmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemle ilk konaktaki hastal\u0131k yapma yetenekleri zay\u0131flat\u0131lan patojenler, v\u00fccuda enjekte edildi\u011finde ilk ba\u015ftaki patojen etkeni kadar \u015fiddetli hastal\u0131k yapmaz, bunun yan\u0131nda v\u00fccutta \u00e7o\u011falarak imm\u00fcn sistemi kolayca uyar\u0131r. \u0130mm\u00fcnizasyonun daha uzun s\u00fcreli olmas\u0131yla da avantajl\u0131 bir gruptur. \u00c7i\u00e7ek, Sar\u0131 humma, kabakulak, k\u0131zam\u0131k\u00e7\u0131k, K\u0131zam\u0131k ve polio a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 bu yolla \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu stratejiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 4 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz tamam\u0131 preklinik a\u015famada olan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda Ac\u0131badem \u00dcniversitesinin a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da yer almaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rekombinant vekt\u00f6r a\u015f\u0131lar, farkl\u0131 bir mikroorganizmaya ait bir veya birden fazla koruyucu gen eksprese edebilen apatojen veya genetik olarak modifiye edilmi\u015f mikroorganizmalardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu vekt\u00f6rlerin orijinal virulan su\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme riski yoktur ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131 hayvanlarda bile patojen etki g\u00f6stermemektedirler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu stratejiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 41 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Resmi ad\u0131 \u201cChAdOx1 nCoV-19\u201d olan aday a\u015f\u0131, Oxford \u00dcniversitesi Jenner Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve AstraZeneca ila\u00e7 \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 20 Ocak\u2019ta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flayan ekip 23 Nisan\u2019da faz 1\/2 klinik deneylere 1112 denekle \u0130ngiltere\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. 24 Haziran\u2019da ise bu kez G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da 2000 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcyle faz 1\/2 deneylerine ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu faz\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 20 Temmuz\u2019da Lancet\u2019te yay\u0131mland\u0131. Faz 3 deneyleri i\u00e7inse 4 May\u0131s\u2019ta on bin kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla \u0130ngiltere\u2019de ve 11 Haziran\u2019da 12330 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla Brezilya\u2019da harekete ge\u00e7ildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Kurum, ABD Biyomedikal \u0130leri Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Geli\u015ftirme Kurumundan (BARDA) tam 1,2 Milyar dolar mali destek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca CEPI de 300 milyon doz \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m i\u00e7in 750 milyon dolar \u00f6denek verdi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcreticisi olan Hindistan Serum Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ise a\u015f\u0131ya 100 milyon dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131. Avrupa\u2019da pek \u00e7ok \u00fclke aday a\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in sipari\u015f verdi. 30 Haziran\u2019da ilk partinin (15,2 milyon doz) Aral\u0131k 2020 ye kadar \u00fcretilmi\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 duyuruldu. A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Temmuz 2021\u2019e kadar 300 milyon doz \u00fcretilmesi bekleniyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u015f\u0131n\u0131n mekanizmas\u0131na bakacak olursak; vekt\u00f6r olarak \u015fempanzelerde enfeksiyon etkeni olan bir adenovir\u00fcs t\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Geneti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek insanlarda hastal\u0131k yapma yetene\u011fi giderildi. Rekombinant teknolojisiyle SARS-CoV2 ye ait S proteinini kodlayan gen eklendi. Rhesus Makaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan hayvan deneylerinde tek doz a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n humoral ve h\u00fccresel imm\u00fcn yan\u0131t olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Ayr\u0131ca a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bronkoalveolar lavaj s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ve solunum yolu dokular\u0131ndaki viral y\u00fck\u00fc \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlendi. Ayr\u0131ca a\u015f\u0131lanan hayvanlarda pn\u00f6moniye de rastlanmad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle MERS\nvir\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 da a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015fler ve insan olmayan primatlarda\nkoruyuculu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 1\/2 deneylerde ise yorgunluk ve ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen sistemik yan etkiler olarak kaydedildi. G\u00f6r\u00fclen di\u011fer yan etkiler; titreme, v\u00fccutta ate\u015f hissetme ve kas a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fclen yan etkiler a\u015f\u0131lamadan sonraki ilk g\u00fcn en \u00fcst seviyedeydi. Ciddi bir yan etki ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n CanSino Biologics Inc. taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n Faz 1 deneyleri 16 Mart 2020 de 108 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc; Faz 2 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ise 12 Nisan 2020 de 508 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla \u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan \u015fehrinde ba\u015flad\u0131. 25 Haziran\u2019da \u00c7in\u2019de askeri kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in onaylanan aday a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n faz 2 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 20 Temmuz’da yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Faz 3 deneyleri i\u00e7inse Rusya, Suudi Arabistan, \u015eili ve Brezilya ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u015f\u0131, tip 5 adenovir\u00fcse SARS-CoV2\nye ait S proteinin eksprese edilmesiyle olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 1 deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re en\ns\u0131k g\u00f6zlenen sistemik yan etkiler; ate\u015f, halsizlik, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve kas\na\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. A\u015f\u0131lamadan sonra 28 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde deneklerin hi\u00e7birinde ciddi yan\netkiye rastlanmad\u0131. Antikorlar\u0131n ise\na\u015f\u0131lamadan sonraki 14. G\u00fcnde belirgin bir \u015fekilde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, 28. G\u00fcnde\nise pik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. Spesifik T h\u00fccre yan\u0131t\u0131 ise 14. G\u00fcnde zirveye\nula\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 2 deneylerde ise a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli viral y\u00fckleri ve etkileri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 5*10^10 say\u0131da partik\u00fcl i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek imm\u00fcn cevaba yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011fu kaydedildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Rusya k\u00f6kenli Gamaleya Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n faz 1\/2 deneyleri 38 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla 17 haziranda ba\u015flad\u0131. Hatta ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 insan deneylerinden \u00f6nce kendi \u00fcstlerinde denediklerine dair iddialar da var. Bu iddialara kar\u015f\u0131 Rusya Klinik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dernekleri Birli\u011fi durumu \u201cKlinik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n, Rus hukukunun ve evrensel olarak kabul edilen uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczenlemelerin temellerinin kaba ihlali\u201d \u015feklinde yorumlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 3 deneylerin A\u011fustos ay\u0131 i\u00e7inde ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor ve Rusya, bu y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 30 milyon doz \u00fcretim yapmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130srail Biyolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada 21 Haziran\u2019da hamsterlar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan hayvan deneylerinin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu duyuruldu. Yap\u0131lan deneyde tek doz a\u015f\u0131 verilen m\u00fcdahale grubundaki hamsterlar\u0131n, v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korudu\u011fu ve akci\u011ferlerinde min\u00f6r bir patoloji oldu\u011fu saptan\u0131rken, a\u015f\u0131 verilmeyen kontrol grubunun akci\u011ferlerinde \u00e7ok daha yayg\u0131n patoloji g\u00f6zlendi. Ayr\u0131ca a\u015f\u0131, Vezik\u00fcler Stomatit Vir\u00fcs\u00fc (VSV) ne ait glikoproteinin SARS-CoV2 ye ait S proteini ile yer de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi sonucu yeni bir vir\u00fcs meydana getirilerek tasarland\u0131. Bu vir\u00fcs Ebola, AIDS ve K\u0131r\u0131m Kongo Kanamal\u0131 Ate\u015fi dahil pek \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n sebebi bu vir\u00fcs\u00fcn \u00e7ok kolay \u00e7o\u011falabilmesi, v\u00fccutta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir humoral ve h\u00fccresel imm\u00fcn cevaba yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 ve genel n\u00fcfusun \u00e7o\u011funlukla bu vir\u00fcs ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Hollanda k\u00f6kenli a\u015f\u0131 enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Intravacc, Covid-19’a kar\u015f\u0131 intranazal bir a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR) ve Utrecht \u00dcniversitesi ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yapt\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Aday\na\u015f\u0131 Newcastle hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Vir\u00fcs\u00fc (NDV) n\u00fcn vekt\u00f6r olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131p, SARS-CoV2 ye\nait S proteinini kodlayan genin eklenmesiyle geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. NDV\u2019nin, insan olmayan primatlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere memelilerde\nintranazal veya intratrakeal kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011fu ve hastal\u0131k\nolu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. Wageningen\nBioveterinary Research ise NDV\u2019nin modifikasyonu i\u00e7in \u201cters genetik\u201d adl\u0131 bir\ny\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ayr\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar nazal a\u015f\u0131laman\u0131n, sistemik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131nda mukozay\u0131 da tetikledi\u011finden intram\u00fcsk\u00fcler a\u015f\u0131lamadan daha faydal\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve akci\u011ferler, ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar, genital sistem gibi di\u011fer mukozal b\u00f6lgelerdeki enfeksiyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 da koruma sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini belirtiyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ankara \u00dcniversitesinin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc adenovir\u00fcs tabanl\u0131 ve Erciyes \u00dcniversitesinin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tip 5 adenovir\u00fcs tabanl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hen\u00fcz preklinik a\u015famadad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu y\u00f6ntemde patojenin antijenik bir fragman\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve\nimm\u00fcnizasyon i\u00e7in v\u00fccuda direkt enjekte edilir. Yan etkisinin az olmas\u0131, h\u00fccresel\nve humoral imm\u00fcniteyi uyarmas\u0131yla avantajl\u0131 iken fazla miktarda ve birden fazla\ndoz gerektirmesi, adjuvanlarla birlikte kullan\u0131m gerektirmesi ve kullan\u0131lan\nbirime g\u00f6re koruyuculu\u011fun zay\u0131f olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile de dezavantajlara sahiptir.\nAsel\u00fcler bo\u011fmaca ve parenteral influenza a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 bu \u015fekilde \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu stratejiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan tam 64 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalardan sadece d\u00f6rd\u00fc faz 1 evresindeyken di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar hen\u00fcz preklinik a\u015famadad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Flinders \u00dcniversitesi ve Vaxine ila\u00e7 \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Faz 1 deneyleri 30 Haziran\u2019da 40 hedef denek ile Avustralya\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015eirket, ilk deneylerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n pozitif olmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan gelecek hafta faz 2 deneylerini ba\u015flatmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. A\u015f\u0131 daha \u00f6nceki SARS Coronavir\u00fcs a\u015f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Novavax \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Faz 1 deneyleri 25 May\u0131s\u2019ta 131 hedef g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ile Avustralya\u2019da ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eirket, CEPI\u2019den 388 milyon dolar, ABD Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 60 milyon dolar ve ABD Federal H\u00fck\u00fcmetinden de 1,6 milyar dolar \u00f6denek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u015f\u0131, Novavax\u2019\u0131n tescilli M-Matrix recombinant nanopartik\u00fcl teknolojisi kullan\u0131larak geli\u015ftirildi. Saponin bazl\u0131 Matrix-M adjuvam\u0131, lokal lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinde antijen sunumunu artt\u0131rarak ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ki\u015finin antikor \u00fcretmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak vir\u00fcse kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir etki g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eirket, 2020’nin sonuna kadar 100 milyon doz ve 2021’in sonuna kadar tam 1 milyar doz \u00fcretim yapmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Clover ila\u00e7 \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n; Dynavax, Sanofi, Xiamen Innovax gibi ortaklar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Preklinik ve faz 1 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in CEPI\u2019den 66 milyon dolar \u00f6denek ald\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanan ekip faz 1 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na 19 Haziran\u2019da 150 hedef kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130zmir Biyot\u0131p ve Genom Merkezi ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da bu grupta bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar hen\u00fcz preklinik fazdad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n DNA a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na benzer \u015fekilde, bu deneysel a\u015f\u0131lar genetik\nmateryalin (RNA) sokulmas\u0131 yoluyla ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flar. RNA a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 potansiyel\nolarak di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131lardan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kolay bir \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirilebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu stratejiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 27 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Moderna ila\u00e7 firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve \u015firket ba\u015fta NIAID A\u015f\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi olmak \u00fczere Lonza, Catalent ve Rovi gibi biyoteknoloji \u015firketleriyle i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde bulunuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n BARDA taraf\u0131ndan \u015firkete a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rma amac\u0131yla 483 milyon dolar \u00f6denek verildi. 26 Temmuz’da faz 3 deneyleri i\u00e7in 472 milyon dolar ek \u00f6deme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi 11 Ocak\u2019ta \u00c7in otoritelerinin SARS-CoV2 nin gen dizilimini a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131ndan 2 g\u00fcn sonra, 13 Ocak\u2019ta mRNA-1273 dizilimini tamamlad\u0131 ve \u015eubat 2020’de hayvan deneylerine ba\u015flad\u0131. 16 Mart\u2019ta ise 120 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla faz 1 klinik deneylere ge\u00e7ildi. 29 May\u0131s\u2019ta 600 dene\u011fin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla faz 2 deneylere ba\u015flayan ekip son olarak 27 Temmuz\u2019da tam otuz bin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc hedefiyle faz 3 deneylere ge\u00e7ti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 1 deneylerinde genelde hafif\nve orta \u015fiddette yan etki g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130ki a\u015f\u0131lama aras\u0131nda deneklerin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan\nfazlas\u0131nda beklenen yayg\u0131n yan etkiler olan ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, titreme, halsizlik, kas\na\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve enjeksiyon b\u00f6lgesinde a\u011fr\u0131 g\u00f6zlendi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Faz 2 deneylerde ise daha \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131 dozuna odaklan\u0131ld\u0131 ve 1 mikro gram ve 10 mikrogram a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n tek doz uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayvanlarda a\u015f\u0131lamadan 7 hafta sonra dahi akci\u011ferlerde viral replikasyona kar\u015f\u0131 korunmu\u015ftur. 0,1 mikro gram dozda akci\u011ferlerdeki viral y\u00fckte 100 kat, 0,01 mikro gram dozda ise 3 kat azalma g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n BioNTech\u2019s taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n di\u011fer ortaklar\u0131 Pfizer ve Fosun ila\u00e7 firmalar\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n hayvan deneyleri Nisan 2020\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ilgin\u00e7 olarak 4 ayr\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 birlikte deneniyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibinin BNT162b1 <\/strong>olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 resept\u00f6r ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 domain (RBD) antijenini kodlarken BNT162b2<\/strong> adl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 S proteini antijenini kodluyor. 3.<\/strong> aday a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcridin i\u00e7eren bir mRNA ta\u015f\u0131rken 4.<\/strong> aday kendini \u00e7o\u011faltabilen RNA (saRNA) t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n faz 1\/2 deneylerine 29 Nisan\u2019da ABD\u2019de, 20 Nisan\u2019da Almanya\u2019da ve 21 Temmuz\u2019da \u00c7in\u2019de olmak \u00fczere 3 ayr\u0131 \u00fclkede ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 27 Temmuz’da ise faz 2\/3 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 duyurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6n klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda 45 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deneylerde ise olumlu sonu\u00e7lar al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Imperial Collage London taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u201cKendini \u00e7o\u011faltan RNA\u201d (saRNA) teknolojisinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 aday a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n hayvan deneyleri \u015eubat 2020 de ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fken ilk klinik deneyleri 24 Haziran\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131. Ekip di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n aksine bu a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tamamen sentetik oldu\u011funu ve ger\u00e7ek vir\u00fcse ait hi\u00e7bir par\u00e7ac\u0131k i\u00e7ermedi\u011fini belirtiyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ekip ilk olarak laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda herhangi bir hayvan h\u00fccresine ihtiya\u00e7 duymadan S protein dizilerini i\u00e7eren sentetik ve kendini \u00e7o\u011faltabilen RNA kopyalar\u0131 (saRNA) olu\u015fturdu. Bunlar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u011f damlac\u0131klar\u0131yla paketlendi ve a\u015f\u0131 haline getirildi. Enjeksiyon sonras\u0131 v\u00fccuda da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p h\u00fccrelere giren bu RNA par\u00e7alar\u0131 kendini \u00e7o\u011faltt\u0131 ve h\u00fccrelere SARS-CoV\u2019a ait S proteinini \u00fcretmesini emreden kopyalar \u00fcretti. Ancak h\u00fccre DNA\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkilemedi. Antijen sunucu h\u00fccrelerle bu S proteinlerini tan\u0131yan imm\u00fcn sistem humoral ve h\u00fccresel yan\u0131t olu\u015fturur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Kurum bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in Birle\u015fik krall\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden 41 milyon dolar \u00f6denek alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r <\/p>\n\n\n\n Almanya k\u00f6kenli CureVac \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n faz 1 deneylerine 18 Haziran\u2019da 168 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla T\u00fcbingen\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131. Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan 338 milyon dolar \u00f6denek alan \u015firket 14 May\u0131s\u2019ta preklinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re 2 mikrograml\u0131k iki doz a\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda vir\u00fcs n\u00f6tralizasyonu yap\u0131yor. \u015eirket bu a\u015f\u0131 teknolojisini daha \u00f6nce grip, kuduz ve RSV i\u00e7in de kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n 28 Temmuz’da yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada ilk dozu alan 50 Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7birinde ciddi veya beklenmedik bir yan etki g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi duyuruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vir\u00fcs benzeri partik\u00fcl (VLP) a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 vir\u00fcslere \u00e7ok benzer ancak enfeksiy\u00f6z de\u011fillerdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc viral genetik materyal i\u00e7ermezler. VLP’ler \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, zay\u0131flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f vir\u00fcslere daha g\u00fcvenli bir alternatif sunarlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu stratejiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 15 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Medicago \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ve Dynavax ile GSK \u015firketleriyle i\u015f birlikleri bulunan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n hayvan deneyleri 14 May\u0131s\u2019ta tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olup faz 1 deneyleri 180 hedef kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131yla 14 temmuzda ba\u015flad\u0131. 2\/3 faz deneylerin ise Ekim 2020\u2019de ba\u015flamas\u0131 bekleniyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ekip, canl\u0131 bitkileri, vir\u00fcslerin bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 olmayan versiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 yani vir\u00fcs benzeri par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 (VLP) \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in biyoreakt\u00f6r olarak kullan\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Influenza a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da bu y\u00f6ntemle geli\u015ftiren ekip bu kez de ayn\u0131 stratejiyi Covid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yor. Deneylerin ba\u015far\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 durumunda \u015firket 2021\u2019in sonuna kadar 100 milyon doz \u00fcretim yapmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bitki tabanl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131lar, asl\u0131nda se\u00e7ilen bitki i\u00e7ine patojene ait antijen sunumu yap\u0131lan bir rekombinant a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fididir. Antijen, bitki taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilir ve birey bu bitkiyi yiyerek bile antijenin ait oldu\u011fu patojene kar\u015f\u0131 korunabilir. \u00d6zellikle tip 1 kollajen \u00fcretilmesinde t\u00fct\u00fcn bitkisinden bu y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131larak faydalan\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rselde ise \u015firketin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntem g\u00f6sterilmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n 30 Temmuz\u2019da ODT\u00dc, Ankara \u00dcniversitesi ve Gazi \u00dcniversitesi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in klinik deneylere ba\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131 duyuruldu. Ankara \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fctesi \u0130\u00e7 Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Fizyopatoloji Bilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Nuray Yaz\u0131han \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n temellerinin ODT\u00dc kimya b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc laboratuvarlar\u0131nda at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapan Prof. Dr. Yaz\u0131han, a\u015f\u0131y\u0131, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ilk bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden yani burundan verilecek \u015fekilde dizayn ettiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Yaz\u0131han Habert\u00fcrk\u2019e verdi\u011fi r\u00f6portajda \u201cNazal a\u015f\u0131 zor bir a\u015f\u0131 ama di\u011fer yandan da hem uygulama alan\u0131 vir\u00fcsle m\u00fccadele a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok uygun, hem de enjeksiyon gibi farkl\u0131 uygulama y\u00f6ntemlerine nazaran etkinli\u011fi daha y\u00fcksek. Deney hayvanlar\u0131m\u0131zdaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6yle. S\u0131\u00e7an \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlam\u0131\u015f durumday\u0131z. Herhangi bir yan etki de g\u00f6rmedik. Bu, \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. B\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de art\u0131k maymun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flayabiliyoruz. Klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara yani g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc insan denemelerine ge\u00e7ebilmemiz i\u00e7in etik kurulu ba\u015fvurular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, dosyalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, raporlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ilgili yetkililere sunduk. S\u00fcre\u00e7 olumlu devam ederse insan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na haz\u0131r\u0131z.\u201d dedi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir di\u011fer haber de Ac\u0131badem Labcell H\u00fccre Laboratuvar\u0131 Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Erc\u00fcment Oval\u0131’dan geldi. Prof. Dr. Oval\u0131 \u0130HA\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada 2 milyon doz a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcrettiklerini, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yap\u0131lan hayvan testlerinin ba\u015far\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hayvan deneylerinin son basama\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayabilmek i\u00e7in 10 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Amerika\u2019dan gelecek deney hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131 beklediklerini belirtti. Ayr\u0131ca \u015fubat ay\u0131 sonunda a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayacaklar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Son olarak, normal hayat\u0131m\u0131za d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in gerekli olan en temel maddenin a\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015fu g\u00fcnlerde dahi a\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131labiliyor. Hatta baz\u0131 kesimlerin daha ileri gidip maske kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00c7o\u011fumuz ise art\u0131k \u00f6nlemlere dikkat etmiyor eski ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131za devam ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu el ise hala eski hayatlar\u0131na d\u00f6nememi\u015f, hatta son d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ok daha yo\u011fun tempoyla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131na ait. Umar\u0131z ki toplum olarak biz de durumun ciddiyetini \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 olmadan anlayabiliriz. Sayg\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aral\u0131k 2019\u2019dan beri hayat\u0131m\u0131zda olan ve t\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131yla can almaya devam eden Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7in bilim camias\u0131 kollar\u0131 s\u0131vam\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":6800,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[157,693],"acf":[],"views":906,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6704"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6704"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6704\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6916,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6704\/revisions\/6916"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Resim3-1024x1024.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nINO-4800<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/EeLLxzBXsAAiklf-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nGX-19<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/images-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nT\u00fcrkiye’de;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u0130NAKT\u0130VE V\u0130R\u00dcS A\u015eILARI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
CoronaVac<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/images-1-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sinovac-a\u015f\u0131-1024x424.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nNew Crown Covid-19<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/images-1024x1024.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n3-<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
ATTEN\u00dcE V\u0130R\u00dcS A\u015eILARI <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u0130RAL VEKT\u00d6R A\u015eILARI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
AZD1222<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Resim11-1024x1024.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nAD5-NCoV<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/cansino-730x430-1024x1024.jpeg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nAdeno Tabanl\u0131 A\u015f\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
VSV-\u2206G-spike<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
NDV-SARS-CoV2\/Spike<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/unnamed-1024x1024.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nT\u00fcrkiye’de;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
PROTE\u0130N ALT B\u0130R\u0130M\u0130 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
COVAX-19<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/covax-19-vaccine-fotosu-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nNVX-CoV2373<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/02bac434c06ecb33d13860a9b718495c-logo_novavax-today-1024x1024.jpg\"){kind=logo}
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nSCB-2019<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/0-1024x535.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nT\u00fcrkiye’de;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/images-1-1024x1024.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nRNA A\u015eILARI <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
mRNA1273<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Moderna-logo-1024x535.jpg\"){kind=logo}
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/mRNA1273-1024x677.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/\u0131\u0131-1024x579.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nBNT162<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20171004_BioNTech-Manufacturing-Subsidiar-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nNCOVSARNA<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
4-<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/1-1024x358.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nV\u0130R\u00dcS BENZER\u0130 PAR\u00c7ACIK <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
PD-VLP<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/MEDICAGO_LT_B_RGB-1024x535.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Resim6-1024x1024.png\")
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Resim5-1024x509.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de durum ne?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Resim4-1024x546.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/odt\u00fc-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/erc\u00fc-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/el-1024x1024.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nKAYNAK\u00c7A <\/h3>\n\n\n\n