{"id":7270,"date":"2020-08-25T12:41:38","date_gmt":"2020-08-25T09:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=7270"},"modified":"2020-08-25T15:06:10","modified_gmt":"2020-08-25T12:06:10","slug":"olumden-tam-anlamiyla-donmek-olume-yakin-deneyim-ve-dmt-molekulu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/olumden-tam-anlamiyla-donmek-olume-yakin-deneyim-ve-dmt-molekulu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6L\u00dcMDEN TAM ANLAMIYLA D\u00d6NMEK: \u00d6l\u00fcme Yak\u0131n Deneyim ve DMT Molek\u00fcl\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Merak, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r yeni aray\u0131\u015flar ve bilinmeyeni ayd\u0131nlatma u\u011fra\u015f\u0131nda olan insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en iyi tetikleyicisi oldu. Bilinmeyene olan merak\u0131m\u0131z insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0Ay\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Mars\u2019taki organik molek\u00fcllerin ke\u015ffi bile\u00a0\u201cCuriosity\u00a0(Merak)\u201d adl\u0131 uzay arac\u0131 sayesinde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. Bug\u00fcn ise insanl\u0131k tarihinde en \u00e7ok merak etti\u011fimiz olgulardan birini yani \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda ya\u015fan\u0131lanlar\u0131 ve \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcme\u00a0Yak\u0131n\u00a0Deneyim\u2019i (Near\u00a0Death\u00a0Experience)\u201d inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6l\u00fcme Yak\u0131n Deneyim <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimin tan\u0131m\u0131 ve bu deneyimi ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.
\u00d6l\u00fcme\u00a0Yak\u0131n\u00a0Deneyim temelde, kalbin durmas\u0131yla birlikte t\u0131bbi olarak bireyin \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6znenin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tecr\u00fcbelerdir. Genellikle \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n insanlarda, yo\u011fun fiziksel ya da duygusal ac\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda, kalp krizlerinden veya\u00a0travmatik\u00a0beyin yaralanmalar\u0131ndan sonra, hatta meditasyon ve\u00a0senkop\u00a0(kan bas\u0131nc\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131) s\u0131ras\u0131nda da ya\u015fanabilir. Dr.\u00a0Melvin\u00a0Morse\u2019un\u00a0\u201cI\u015f\u0131kla Gelen De\u011fi\u015fim\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda yer alan ve H\u00fcrriyet gazetesi yazar\u0131 Ali At\u0131f Bir taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nan\u00a0\u00d6l\u00fcme Yak\u0131n Deneyim\u00a0(\u00d6YD) \u00f6rneklerine bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.\u00a0
1. \u00d6lm\u00fc\u015f\u00a0gibi hissetmek: “Anlatmas\u0131 \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7. \u00d6yle bir and\u0131 ki; kocam\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fildim, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131n annesi de\u011fildim, annem ve babam\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 de\u011fildim. Yaln\u0131zca ve tamamen kendimdim.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, 65 ya\u015f\u0131nda Chicago\u2019lu bir kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ac\u0131 duymamak ve huzur: “Sanki beni d\u00fcnyaya ba\u011flayan ipler kesilmi\u015f gibiydi. Art\u0131k ne korku hissediyordum, ne de kendi bedenimi. Doktor ve hem\u015firelerin benimle ilgili bir \u00e7aba i\u00e7erisinde olduklar\u0131n\u0131 duyabiliyordum, ama bu durum benim i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ifade etmiyordu.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Trafik kazas\u0131 sonucu \u00f6len ve tekrar hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclen Georgia\u2019l\u0131 bir kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Bedenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmak: “Yukar\u0131dan hastane yata\u011f\u0131nda yatmakta olan kendi bedenime bakabiliyordum. Etraf\u0131mda tela\u015fla ko\u015fu\u015fturan doktorlar ve hem\u015fireler vard\u0131. Onlar\u0131n odaya bir makine getirdiklerini ve yata\u011f\u0131m\u0131n ayakucuna yak\u0131n bir yere yerle\u015ftirdiklerini g\u00f6rebiliyordum. Kutuya benzeyen makinenin yanlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 iki kol uzan\u0131yordu. Sonradan anlad\u0131m ki bu alet kalp durdu\u011fu zaman onu yeniden \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kalbe\u00a0\u015fok uygulayan o makinelerden biriydi. Bir rahip i\u00e7eri girdi ve bana bir t\u00fcr cenaze duas\u0131 okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yata\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131na do\u011fru ilerledim ve olan biten her\u00a0\u015feyi buradan izlemeye devam ettim. T\u0131pk\u0131 bir tiyatroda seyirci olmak gibiydi. Yatakta duran bedenimin arkas\u0131nda bir duvar saati vard\u0131. Hem yataktaki sil\u00fcetimi hem de 11.11\u2019i g\u00f6steren saati g\u00f6rebiliyordum. Daha sonra tekrar bedenimin i\u00e7ine girdim. Uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 ve ayak ucumda bedenimi izlemi\u015f\u00a0olan kendimi arad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum.”\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-\u0130la\u00e7 tedavisine reaksiyon g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcmden d\u00f6nen Arizona\u2019l\u0131 bir kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4. T\u00fcnel deneyimi: “F\u0131rt\u0131na patlamak \u00fczereydi ve ben golf oynuyordum. Bir anda \u00fczerime y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Birka\u00e7 saniye havada, bedenimin \u00fczerinde as\u0131l\u0131 kald\u0131m. Daha sonra kendimi bir t\u00fcnelin i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekiliyormu\u015f gibi hissettim. Etraf\u0131mda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey g\u00f6remiyordum ama \u00e7ok s\u00fcratli bir \u015fekilde ilerliyormu\u015fum gibi hissediyordum. Kesinlikle bir t\u00fcneldeydim. T\u00fcnelin di\u011fer ucuna yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce bunu daha iyi anlad\u0131m.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonras\u0131nda g\u00fcneyli bir araba galericisinin s\u00f6zleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

5. I\u015f\u0131k sa\u00e7an insanlar: “T\u00fcnelin sonunda beni bir grup insan kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Hepsi de t\u0131pk\u0131 fenerler gibi par\u0131ld\u0131yorlard\u0131. Sanki i\u00e7erideki her \u015fey \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi etraf par\u0131l par\u0131ld\u0131. Oradaki insanlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birini tan\u0131m\u0131yordum ama hepsi de beni \u00e7ok seviyormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda 10 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fun s\u00f6zleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. I\u015f\u0131ktan varl\u0131k: “Kocaman \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle dolu bir bah\u00e7ede uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. \u00c7i\u00e7eklerin b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131ld\u0131z \u00e7i\u00e7eklerine benzediklerini s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Bah\u00e7enin ortam\u0131 s\u0131cac\u0131k ve ayd\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7ok g\u00fczel bir yerdi. Biraz bah\u00e7ede dola\u015ft\u0131m. O \u2019varl\u0131k\u2019 da orada duruyordu. Bah\u00e7e muhte\u015fem g\u00fczellikteydi ancak onun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda t\u00fcm bu g\u00fczellikler s\u00f6n\u00fck kal\u0131yordu. Onun taraf\u0131ndan sevildi\u011fimi ve desteklendi\u011fimi hissettim. Hayat\u0131m boyunca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m en b\u00fcy\u00fcl\u00fc duyguydu. Y\u0131llar \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olmama ra\u011fmen h\u00e2la o duyguyu hissedebiliyorum.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-\u00c7ocukluk \u00d6YD\u2019sini anlatan orta ya\u015fl\u0131 bir kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Hayat\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmek: “Bu ayd\u0131nl\u0131k varl\u0131k, etraf\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7evirdi ve bana hayat\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. O ana kadar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m her \u015fey tekrar de\u011ferlendirebilmem i\u00e7in g\u00f6zlerimin \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7iyordu. Baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek ne kadar tats\u0131z olsa da hayat\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015ftan sona seyretmek \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir histi. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde \u00f6zellikle bir olay\u0131 hat\u0131rlad\u0131m. \u00c7ocukken k\u0131z karde\u015fimin Paskalya sepetini ka\u00e7\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u00e7inde benim istedi\u011fim bir oyuncak vard\u0131. Hayat\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fim bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te onun ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc, kay\u0131p ve yads\u0131ma duygular\u0131n\u0131 da hissettim. Hem incitti\u011fim insanlar olup \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc, hem de yard\u0131m ettiklerim olup mutlulu\u011fu ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-23 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u00d6YD ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Ohio\u2019lu bir kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6n\u00fcls\u00fcz olmak: “Hayat\u0131m g\u00f6zlerimin \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7tikten sonra bedenime geri d\u00f6nmek istemedim. Orada \u00e7ok rahatt\u0131m. Etraf\u0131m\u0131 saran ayd\u0131nl\u0131k saf ve kusursuz sevgiydi. O (ayd\u0131nl\u0131k varl\u0131k), geri d\u00f6nmek isteyip istemedi\u011fimi sordu. Ben ise ona \u2019Hay\u0131r\u2019 cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdim. Bu cevab\u0131m \u00fczerine O, bana d\u00f6nmem gerekti\u011fini, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha yap\u0131lacak bir\u00e7ok \u015feyin beni bekledi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. B\u00f6ylece tekrar bedenime d\u00f6nd\u00fcm. Bunu anlatman\u0131n ba\u015fka bir yolu yok. Bir anda yata\u011f\u0131mdayd\u0131m ve makinenin kollar\u0131 elinde oldu\u011fu halde kar\u015f\u0131mda duran doktoruma bak\u0131yordum. Bir an i\u00e7in hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmaktan dolay\u0131 \u00f6fke duydum. \u2019Bir daha asla bana bunu yapmay\u0131n!\u2019 dedim. Bu s\u00f6zlerim beni kurtarmak i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00e7abalam\u0131\u015f olan arkada\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek bir \u015fok oldu.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Meslekta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri taraf\u0131ndan hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclen bir kardiyolog.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Ki\u015filik de\u011fi\u015fimi: “Hastanede uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131mda ilk g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm \u015fey bir \u00e7i\u00e7ekti. A\u011flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. \u0130ster inan\u0131n ister inanmay\u0131n ama fark ettim ki, \u00f6l\u00fcmden d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ana kadar hi\u00e7 ger\u00e7ek anlamda bir \u00e7i\u00e7ek g\u00f6rmemi\u015fim. \u00d6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fim en \u00f6nemli \u015feylerden biri, her birimizin ya\u015fayan ve \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir evrenin birer par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fumuzdu. E\u011fer kendimize zarar vermeden ba\u015fka bir ki\u015fiye ya da herhangi ba\u015fka bir canl\u0131ya zarar verebilece\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsak, feci \u015fekilde yan\u0131l\u0131yoruz demektir.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Kalp krizi sonras\u0131nda hayatta kalan 62 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir i\u015f adam\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6l\u00fcm An\u0131 ve \u00d6l\u00fcrken Hissettiklerimiz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

New York \u00dcniversitesi Langone T\u0131p Merkezi\u2019nde Res\u00fcsitasyon (canland\u0131rma) B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sam Parnia, ekibiyle birlikte 2000 kalp durmas\u0131 vakas\u0131n\u0131 inceledi. Bu vakalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 16\u2019l\u0131k bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hayata geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclebildi. Parnia\u2019n\u0131n ekibi ise hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclen yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 vakan\u0131n 101 tanesinde, kalp durmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda bireylerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 deneyimleri inceledi. Ama\u00e7lar\u0131, bu insanlar\u0131n t\u0131bbi olarak \u00f6l\u00fc olduklar\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde, zihinsel ve bili\u015fsel olarak etraflar\u0131nda olup bitenlerin fark\u0131nda olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilmekti. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak yar\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131na dair bir \u015feyler hat\u0131rl\u0131yordu. Parnia, insanlar\u0131n hat\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131, en yayg\u0131n 7 imaj ve duyguyu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi s\u0131ralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Parlak \u0131\u015f\u0131k, bitki ya da hayvan g\u00f6rmek, korku, \u015fiddet i\u00e7erikli imajlar, dejavu, aileyi g\u00f6rmek, kalp durmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 etraf\u0131nda olup bitenleri hat\u0131rlamak, duyumlarda art\u0131\u015f, zaman\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015fiyle ilgili alg\u0131da \u00e7arp\u0131lma ve bedenden ayr\u0131lma hissi de yayg\u0131n olarak anlat\u0131lanlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parnia, \u00f6l\u00fcmden d\u00f6nen insanlar\u0131n o anda hissettiklerine dair anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu, ancak bireylerin bunlar\u0131 yorumlama \u015fekillerinin ge\u00e7mi\u015flerine ve spirit\u00fcel inan\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.
\u201cRuh, cennet, cehennem gibi \u015feyler anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne demek istediklerini anlamas\u0131 zor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fdu\u011funuz yere ve ge\u00e7mi\u015finize, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcze ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak neyi nas\u0131l yorumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z da de\u011fi\u015fecektir. O y\u00fczden bu anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131 dinsel boyuttan kurtar\u0131p objektif k\u0131lmak bilim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parnia, \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyim ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya yans\u0131yanlardan daha fazla oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Vakalar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funda ise kalp durmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan tedavide verilen yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli haf\u0131za kay\u0131plar\u0131 oluyor. Fakat bu insanlar\u0131n o ana dair herhangi bir \u015fey hat\u0131rlamamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bilin\u00e7altlar\u0131n\u0131n etkilendi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Parnia, kalp durmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 hastalar\u0131n yeniden hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin ard\u0131ndan tepkilerin farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermesini buna ba\u011fl\u0131yor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmden korkmayan, fedac\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 benimserken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 da stres sonras\u0131 travma belirtileri g\u00f6steriyor. Bu deneyimlerin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fteki mucizevi do\u011fas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu durumun neden meydana geldi\u011fini ve ger\u00e7ekte neler oldu\u011funu bilim \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan di\u011fer uzmanlar\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlerini de inceleyelim. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNear Death Experience (NDE)\u201d adl\u0131 bu terimi literat\u00fcre kazand\u0131ran ABD\u2019li hekim Dr. Raymond Moody de, Dr. Elisabeth K\u00fcbler-Ross ile birlikte, bu deneyimi ge\u00e7iren kimselerin anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Kendisi Parnia ve ekibi gibi hastanelerde kaydedilen raporlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve binlerce vakan\u0131n incelenmesinden sonra \u015fu sonu\u00e7lara varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Reanimasyonla ya\u015fama d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin anlatt\u0131klar\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok ortak nokta bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00d6ld\u00fc te\u015fhisi konulan kimseler, bedenlerinin \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrede, bilin\u00e7lerini yitirmemi\u015fler, g\u00f6zlerinin kapal\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve yerlerinden kalkmad\u0131klar\u0131 halde, \u00e7evrede olup bitenleri bilmi\u015fler (Doktorun hem\u015fireyle neler konu\u015ftu\u011fu, hem\u015firenin neyi almak \u00fczere, ne zaman, nereye gitti\u011fi vb. Burada, be\u015f duyunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir alg\u0131laman\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu Dr. Moody taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

-T\u0131bben \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrede yaln\u0131zca ameliyat odas\u0131nda olup bitenleri de\u011fil, oda d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki, oda duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olaylar\u0131 bildirmi\u015fler, ya\u015fama d\u00f6nd\u00fcklerinde g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla anlatm\u0131\u015flar, anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan da do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsanlar\u0131n belirtti\u011fi ortak \u00f6zellikler ho\u015fnutluk, bedenden ayr\u0131lma hissi (beden d\u0131\u015f\u0131 deneyimler gibi), uzun karanl\u0131k bir t\u00fcnel boyunca h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket etme ve ard\u0131ndan parlak \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa girme hissidir. Anlat\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimlerin \u00e7o\u011fu olumludur hatta \u00f6l\u00fcm kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltmada, hayat\u0131 kabullenmede ve iyi olu\u015f durumunu artt\u0131rmada bile yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 olumsuzdur. Kontrol eksikli\u011fi, yoklu\u011fun fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve baz\u0131 \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc imgelerle karakterizedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimler neden oluyor ve \u00e7e\u015fitleri nelerdir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sinirbilimciler\u00a0Olaf\u00a0Blanke\u00a0ve\u00a0Sebastian Dieguez\u00a0iki tip \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyim oldu\u011funu bildiriyorlar.\u00a0\u0130lk tip, beynin sol yar\u0131m k\u00fcresiyle ili\u015fkilendiriliyor. De\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f\u00a0zaman alg\u0131s\u0131 ve u\u00e7ma izlenimi \u00f6zelliklerini bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.\u00a0\u0130kinci tip ise sa\u011f\u00a0yar\u0131m\u00a0k\u00fcreyi i\u00e7eriyor. Sesler\u00a0ve m\u00fczikler duyma gibi \u00f6zelliklerle karakterize ediliyor. \u00d6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimlerin neden de\u011fi\u015fik\u00a0\u015fekillerde tecr\u00fcbe edildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k olmasa\u00a0da,\u00a0beyin b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 etkile\u015fimler birbirinden ayr\u0131 deneyimleri do\u011furuyor.\u00a0Temporal\u00a0loblar\u0131n da \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimlerde \u00f6nemli bir rol\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Beynin bu alan\u0131 duyusal bilgi ve haf\u0131zan\u0131n i\u015flenmesi ile\u00a0ilgilidir. Bu\u00a0y\u00fczden bu loblardaki anormal aktivite tuhaf duyumlar ve alg\u0131lar \u00fcretebilir. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar stresli olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda sal\u0131nan\u00a0endorfinlerin, \u00f6zellikle a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 azaltarak ve ho\u015f\u00a0duyumlar\u0131 art\u0131rarak \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyime benzer bir deneyimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Benzer\u00a0\u015fekilde,\u00a0ketamin\u00a0gibi\u00a0anesteziklerin\u00a0v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyim \u00f6zelliklerini taklit edebilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ayr\u0131ca beyinde oksijen eksikli\u011fi olan\u00a0serebral\u00a0anoksi\u00a0nedeniyle de \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyim ya\u015fanabilece\u011fini belirtiyor. Ayr\u0131ca ani ivmelenme s\u0131ras\u0131nda bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 ya\u015fayan pilotlar\u0131n t\u00fcnel vizyonu gibi \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyim benzeri deneyimler ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Oksijen eksikli\u011fi, hal\u00fcsinasyonlara neden olan\u00a0temporal\u00a0lob n\u00f6betlerini de tetikleyebilir. Bunlar \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyime benzer olabilir. Ancak \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimlerin en yayg\u0131n sebebinin ekstrem ko\u015fullarda\u00a0epifiz\u00a0bezinden salg\u0131lanan DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fc nedir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Dimetiltriptamin molek\u00fcl \u015femas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Psikiyatri profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan Rick Strassman 1990\u2019dan 1995\u2019e kadar yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada insanlar\u0131n DMT enjeksiyonunu takiben \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n ve mistik deneyimler ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi. Strassman\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, v\u00fccutta do\u011fum, uyku ve \u00f6l\u00fcm esnas\u0131nda do\u011fal olarak DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fc salg\u0131lan\u0131yor. DMT sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 hipotezini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc daha yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131yal\u0131m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dimetiltriptamin\u00a0veya k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla DMT,\u00a0epifiz bezi (pineal\u00a0bez)\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0uyku s\u0131ras\u0131nda salg\u0131lan\u0131r. N, N-dimetiltriptamin\u00a0(DMT),\u00a0liserjik\u00a0asit\u00a0dietilamid\u00a0(LSD) benzeri\u00a0serotonin agonisti\u00a0bir\u00a0hal\u00fcsinojendir\u00a0ve t\u00fcm canl\u0131larda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Salg\u0131lanmas\u0131 r\u00fcyalar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc evreye (REM evresi) denk gelir ve\u00a0DMT\u2019nin\u00a0en b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi zaman alg\u0131s\u0131nda yan\u0131lg\u0131lara yol a\u00e7mas\u0131d\u0131r. Beynimizdeki her b\u00f6l\u00fcm simetriktir, bu y\u00fczden t\u00fcm b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden iki tane bulunur. Bunun tek istisnas\u0131 ise beynin orta k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulunan ve tek bir tane olan\u00a0epifiz\u00a0bezidir.\u00a0Epifiz\u00a0bezi,\u00a0omurgal\u0131lar\u0131n beyninde yer alan mercimek tanesi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve kozala\u011fa benzer bir bezdir.\u00a0\u0130ngilizce ismi,\u00a0kozalaks\u0131 bez anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cpineal\u00a0bez\u201ddir.\u00a0Epifiz bezinin sembol\u00fc, pek \u00e7ok dini inan\u0131\u015fa ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Hatta s\u00f6z konusu\u00a0kozalaks\u0131 yap\u0131ya;\u00a0Buddha\u00a0temsillerinin kafas\u0131nda, Vatikan\u2019da bulunan kozalak heykelinde ve daha pek \u00e7ok yerde rastlayabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca modern felsefenin babas\u0131 say\u0131lan Descartes,\u00a0epifiz\u00a0bezinin ruh ile bedenin birle\u015fti\u011fi nokta oldu\u011funu\u00a0d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u00a0DMT\u00a0molek\u00fcl\u00fc\u00a0epifiz bezinin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00fcretilir.\u00a0\u0130nsanda en \u00e7ok do\u011fum ve \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131nda salg\u0131lan\u0131r ve insan bilinci \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok etkilidir. \u00d6yle ki, ruhun v\u00fccuda girip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan hormon olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. DMT salg\u0131lanmas\u0131 uykuda az da olsa art\u0131\u015f\u00a0g\u00f6sterir. As\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan ise DMT salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fum ve \u00f6l\u00fcm anlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda\u00a0hem annenin hem de\u00a0bebe\u011fin DMT d\u00fczeyi artar. Ve DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fc kan-beyin bariyerinden aktif ta\u015f\u0131mayla ge\u00e7er. V\u00fccutta \u00fcretilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da \u00f6zellikle Peru civar\u0131nda yeti\u015fen birtak\u0131m bitkilerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan da DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fc elde edilebilmektedir. Evrenle b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck ve sonsuzluk hissi gibi etkileri bulunan ve G\u00fcney Amerika yerlilerince geleneksel olarak\u00a0\u015faman ayinlerinde de kullan\u0131lan \u201cAyahuasca\u201d isimli i\u00e7ece\u011fin i\u00e7eri\u011finde de DMT molek\u00fcl\u00fc yo\u011fun olarak bulunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Ayahuasca,\u00a0Banisteriopsis\u00a0caapi\u00a0bitkisinin dal ve yapraklar\u0131n\u0131n kaynat\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u00a0hal\u00fcsinojen bir\u00a0i\u00e7ecektir. Asl\u0131nda kendisi\u00a0Ayahuasca\u00a0Asmas\u0131 olarak y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r Peru\u2019daki Amazon Ormanlar\u0131\u2019nda bilinmekte,\u00a0Cobino\u00a0K\u0131z\u0131lderilileri taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcketilmekte ve\u00a0\u015famanlar taraf\u0131ndan toplan\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitli bitkilerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak i\u00e7ilmektedir. O b\u00f6lgedeki ad\u0131 da zaten\u00a0\u015eaman\u00a0\u0130ksiri\u2019dir.\u00a0Ayahuasca\u00a0zehirli bir bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr ve fazla t\u00fcketimi bir insan\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilir. Hatta \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkisinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00fcm, yutan\u201d gibi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u015ei\u015felenmi\u015f Ayahuasca ve Peru yerlileri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6zlerimi, konu hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimle ve film tavsiyemle noktalamak istiyorum. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m sonucunda, \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimin epifiz bezinden yo\u011fun miktarda DMT sal\u0131nmas\u0131yla bireyin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hal\u00fcsinasyonlardan ibaret oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum (Maalesef ki bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncem beden d\u0131\u015f\u0131 deneyimi a\u00e7\u0131klayam\u0131yor). Ayr\u0131ca DMT\u2019yi di\u011fer psikoaktif maddelere benzetiyorum. DMT\u2019yi di\u011fer psikoaktiflerden (Meskalin, LSD, Kokain vs.) ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fin yaln\u0131zca v\u00fccutta do\u011fal olarak sentezlenmesi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Daha \u00f6nce de bahsetti\u011fim gibi, Peru amazonlar\u0131nda, \u015eamanist kabilelerce kutsal g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve Cawa bitkisinin \u00f6z\u00fctlenmesinden elde edilen Ayahuasca yo\u011fun miktarda DMT i\u00e7eriyor ve v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyime yads\u0131namaz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde benzer tecr\u00fcbeler ya\u015fat\u0131yor. DMT etkisi alt\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen imgelerin ise s\u00f6z konusu \u00f6znelerin dini ve spir\u00fct\u00fcel inan\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda bilin\u00e7altlar\u0131n\u0131n birer yorumlamas\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Belki de ana ak\u0131m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinin iddia etti\u011fi gibi \u00f6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimler ruh ve \u00f6te d\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7ta bilim, uzay-zaman e\u011frisi gibi esnek ve de\u011fi\u015fken. Antrparantez olarak belirtmek isterim ki bilimin yak\u0131n gelecekte bu gibi fenomenlere daha net cevaplar verebilece\u011fine inan\u0131yorum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

E\u011fer siz de bilim-kurgu hayran\u0131ysan\u0131z, Niels Arden Oplev y\u00f6netmenli\u011finde \u00e7ekilen 2017 yap\u0131m\u0131 ve 5 t\u0131p \u00f6\u011frencisinin \u00d6YD deneyimlerini i\u00e7eren \u201cFlatliners\u201d adl\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131 izlemenizi tavsiye ederim. \u00d6l\u00fcme yak\u0131n deneyimlerin bu gizemli do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 bulduysan\u0131z \u201cInternational Association for Near-Death Studies (IANDS, Uluslararas\u0131 yak\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 toplulu\u011fu)\u201d adl\u0131 toplulu\u011fun internet sitesini http:\/\/www.horizonresearch.org i<\/a> inceleyerek ge\u00e7mi\u015f konferanslara ula\u015fabilirsiniz. Bilimle kal\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Blanke O, Dieguez S. Leaving body and life behind: Out-of-body and near-death experience. The Neurology of Consciousness: Cognitive neuroscience and Neuropathology. 2009;303:325. [Google Scholar<\/a>]<\/li>
  2. Moody RA.  Life After Life. Covington, GA: Mockingbird Books; 1975.  [Google Scholar<\/a><\/li>
  3. Parnia S, Waller DG, Yeates R, Fenwick P. A qualitative and quantitative study of the incidence, features and aetiology of near death experiences in cardiac arrest survivors. Resuscitation. 2001;48:149\u2013156. [PubMed<\/a>] [Google Scholar<\/a>]<\/li>
  4. \u00d6YD ya\u015fayan bireylerin tecr\u00fcbelerini al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m Ali At\u0131f Bir\u2019in yaz\u0131s\u0131https:\/\/www.google.com\/amp\/s\/www.hurriyet.com.tr\/amp\/olume-yakin-deneyimler-4934207<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Merak, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r yeni aray\u0131\u015flar ve bilinmeyeni ayd\u0131nlatma u\u011fra\u015f\u0131nda olan insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en iyi tetikleyicisi oldu. Bilinmeyene olan merak\u0131m\u0131z insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0Ay\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Mars\u2019taki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":191,"featured_media":7287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"views":2993,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7270"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/191"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7270"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7320,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7270\/revisions\/7320"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}