{"id":7478,"date":"2020-09-06T17:29:18","date_gmt":"2020-09-06T14:29:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=7478"},"modified":"2020-09-06T17:29:20","modified_gmt":"2020-09-06T14:29:20","slug":"ikinci-dunya-savasi-sirasinda-colyak-hastaliginin-ve-glutensiz-hayatin-anlasilmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/ikinci-dunya-savasi-sirasinda-colyak-hastaliginin-ve-glutensiz-hayatin-anlasilmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 D\u00dcNYA SAVA\u015eI SIRASINDA \u00c7\u00d6LYAK HASTALI\u011eININ VE GLUTENS\u0130Z HAYATIN ANLA\u015eILMASI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">&nbsp;Basit\u00e7e gl\u00fctene\ntolerans olarak tan\u0131mlanabilecek \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 mutlaka duymu\u015fsunuzdur.\nDuymad\u0131ysan\u0131z marketlerde ya da g\u0131da satan merkezlerde gl\u00fctensiz ekmek, un,\nmakarna gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. Say\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi\ngiderek artan bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler insanlar aras\u0131nda da git gide pop\u00fcler hale gelmeye\nba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peki gl\u00fcten tam olarak nedir? Neden baz\u0131 insanlar gl\u00fctene tolerans\ng\u00f6sterir? \u00c7\u00f6lyak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedir ve bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarihi nas\u0131ld\u0131r? \u0130sterseniz\nbu sorular\u0131n cevaplar\u0131na birlikte g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle gl\u00fcteni tan\u0131mlayarak ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Gl\u00fcten, bu\u011fday\ni\u00e7erisinde yer alan bir protein grubudur. Gl\u00fcten un \u00f6z de\u011ferlerini i\u00e7erir ve\nunun i\u00e7erisinde belli bir miktarda gl\u00fcten bulunmak zorundad\u0131r e\u011fer bulunmazsa\nkuru gl\u00fcten kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak istenilen gl\u00fcten miktar\u0131 elde edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-250x250.jpg 250w, https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-125x125.jpg 125w, https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-110x110.jpg 110w, https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Wheat_harvest-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Peki gl\u00fctene hassasiyet nas\u0131l ba\u015flad\u0131? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarih \u00f6ncesi \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda insanlar avc\u0131 ve toplay\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131.\nA\u011fa\u00e7lardan toplad\u0131klar\u0131 meyveler, \u00e7e\u015fitli bitkiler ve avlad\u0131klar\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n\netiyle besleniyorlard\u0131. Neolitik \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da ise yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7meye ba\u015flayan\ninsanlar\u0131n sindirim sistemi daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 besin antijenleriyle\nkar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda inek, ke\u00e7i ve e\u015feklerin s\u00fct\u00fcnden\nald\u0131klar\u0131 proteinler geliyordu. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu sindirim sistemine giren bu\nfarkl\u0131 antijenlere zamanla adapte oldu. Adaptasyon sa\u011flayamayan insanlarda ise\nbug\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bildi\u011fimiz gl\u00fctene tolerans olu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MS 1.YY\u2019da Kapadokya\u2019da ya\u015fayan Aretaeus adl\u0131 doktor \u00e7\u00f6lyak\nhastal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili yaz\u0131lar yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hastalar\u0131n sindirim sistemiyle ilgili\nbir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fini fark eden doktor kar\u0131n b\u00f6lgesini ifade eden Yunanca \u2018\u2019<em>koelia<\/em>\u2019\u2019 kelimesine ithafen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018\u2019<em>koilakos<\/em>\u2019\u2019 olarak isimlendirmi\u015ftir.\nAncak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam olarak nedenini anlayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve hastal\u0131\u011fa uygun tedavi\ny\u00f6ntemi ortaya koyamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6lyak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve tedavisi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde en b\u00fcy\u00fck\ngeli\u015fme \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Hollanda\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hollanda,\n\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir a\u00e7l\u0131k problemiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131.\nBir\u00e7ok insan a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa ve zay\u0131flayan v\u00fccut savunma sistemlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak\n\u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klardan hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyordu. O zaman dilimi, a\u00e7l\u0131k k\u0131\u015f\u0131\nanlam\u0131na gelen \u2018\u2019Hongerwinter\u2019\u2019 olarak tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uzun zamand\u0131r \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyen Pediatrist\nWillem-Karel Dicke hastalarda sava\u015f s\u00fcrecinde \u00e7e\u015fitli de\u011fi\u015fimler fark etti.\nSava\u015ftan \u00f6nce bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc kilo alamayan b\u00fcnyesi zay\u0131f \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131 yedikleri\nyiyecek miktar\u0131 azalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kilo almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda\nhastal\u0131\u011fa dair g\u00f6sterdikleri semptomlar azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda halk\u0131n\ng\u00fcnl\u00fck ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kalori miktar\u0131 \u00e7ok azd\u0131 ve \u00e7o\u011fu ciddi derecelerde zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\nFakat \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131n\u0131n bu \u015fekilde tersine bir durum g\u00f6stermeleri Dicke\u2019nin\ndikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak k\u0131tl\u0131k sona\nerdi\u011finde ise \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131n\u0131n durumu aniden k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hastalar\u0131n\nsemptomlar\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011fu h\u0131zla kilo vermi\u015ftir. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak\nDicke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fma nedeninin diyete ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\nAyr\u0131ca hastalar\u0131n yedi\u011fi besinlerin direkt olarak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n iyile\u015fmesinde ya\nda k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitmesinde etkili oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\nsonucu hastan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli besin gruplar\u0131n\u0131 yemeyi b\u0131rakmas\u0131yla ishal gibi\nsemptomlar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hastalar\u0131n kilo almaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dicke\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve \u00f6nerdi\u011fi tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\n\u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in temel ta\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Geli\u015fen teknoloji\nve insan fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok\n\u00fcr\u00fcn raflarda yerini ald\u0131. Buna ra\u011fmen hastalar yedikleri konusunda dikkat\netmek ve yediklerinden \u00f6d\u00fcn vermek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131rlar. Tamamen gl\u00fctensiz\n\u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretilmesinin zor olmas\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131 i\u00e7in diyetten farkl\u0131\nalternatif tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerinin aranmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Gl\u00fctenin\nsindirilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 enzimlerin oral yolla ya da enjeksiyon yoluyla\nhastalara verilmesi en pop\u00fcler fikirlerden biridir fakat hen\u00fcz bu konuda bir sonuca\nula\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Raflarda gl\u00fctensiz \u00fcr\u00fcnler artt\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastas\u0131 olmayan\nbaz\u0131 insanlar da bu \u00fcr\u00fcnleri t\u00fcketmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Denemek i\u00e7in al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bu\n\u00fcr\u00fcnler sindirim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ki\u015filerce t\u00fcketilmeye devam\nedilmektedir. Bunun sonucu olarak bu ki\u015filerde gl\u00fcten tolerans\u0131 olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r ve\nbu ki\u015filer \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastas\u0131 olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sindirim sistemleri hassasiyet\nkazanmaktad\u0131r. Hasta olmadan gl\u00fctensiz beslenmenin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak\ng\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in daha \u00e7ok zaman ge\u00e7mesi gerekmektedir fakat bunun yan\u0131nda gl\u00fctensiz\nbesinlerin sindirim sistemi hassasiyeti verdi\u011fi de a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Gluten and Celiac Disease\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0d3FjMgYSzY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>KAYNAK\u00c7A VE \u0130LER\u0130 ARA\u015eTIRMA \u0130\u00c7\u0130N:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>(The University of Chicago Celiac Diease Center, 2007)&nbsp;(The\n University of Chicago Celiac Diease Center, 2007): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cureceliacdisease.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/SU07CeliacCtr.News_.pdf\">https:\/\/www.cureceliacdisease.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/SU07CeliacCtr.News_.pdf<\/a>\n<\/li><li>Wikipedia Gluten : <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gluten#References\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gluten#References<\/a><\/li><li>Wikipedia Aretaeus : <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aretaeus_of_Cappadocia\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aretaeus_of_Cappadocia<\/a><\/li><li>-van Berge-Henegouwen GP, Mulder CJ,Pioneer in\nthe gluten free diet: Willem-Karel Dicke 1905-1962, over 50 years of gluten\nfree diet. Gut, 34(11): 1473\u20131475, 1993: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1374403\/?page=1\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1374403\/?page=1<\/a><\/li><li>(adler, 2019):\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discovermagazine.com\/health\/the-grim-origins-of-gluten-free\">https:\/\/www.discovermagazine.com\/health\/the-grim-origins-of-gluten-free<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;Basit\u00e7e gl\u00fctene tolerans olarak tan\u0131mlanabilecek \u00e7\u00f6lyak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 mutlaka duymu\u015fsunuzdur. Duymad\u0131ysan\u0131z marketlerde ya da g\u0131da satan merkezlerde gl\u00fctensiz ekmek, un, makarna<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":194,"featured_media":7480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"views":750,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7478"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/194"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7478"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7482,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7478\/revisions\/7482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}