{"id":791,"date":"2019-03-15T18:13:17","date_gmt":"2019-03-15T15:13:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=791"},"modified":"2019-03-15T18:13:19","modified_gmt":"2019-03-15T15:13:19","slug":"tibbi-fotografcilik-tibbin-goz-ardi-edilen-yuzu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/tibbi-fotografcilik-tibbin-goz-ardi-edilen-yuzu\/","title":{"rendered":"TIBB\u0130 FOTO\u011eRAF\u00c7ILIK: TIBBIN G\u00d6Z ARDI ED\u0130LEN Y\u00dcZ\u00dc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 t\u0131bb\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi yap\u0131lan tedavi\nve giri\u015fimlerin bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131na sunulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131n\nb\u00fct\u00fcn unsurlar\u0131 ile kaydedilmesi gerekmektedir. Konuya ait g\u00f6rseller de t\u0131bbi\nverilerin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131n g\u00f6rsel olarak\nkayda ge\u00e7irilmesi di\u011fer t\u00fcm veriler gibi ayn\u0131 \u00f6zeni gerektirir. Yani bir hekim:\n\u201cBen hekim oldum foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekmek benim i\u015fim mi ?\u201d dememeli; kay\u0131t alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler de en az hekimli\u011fi kadar iyi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de baz\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde baz\u0131 hastanelerde hekim\nolmayan foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn ortadan kalkan bu uygulama\nnedeniyle t\u0131bbi g\u00f6rsel belgeleme T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hekimlere kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131k\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekimini ciddiye almamas\u0131 g\u00f6rsel dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kalitesini\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Etik hassasiyetlere uyulmadan \u00e7ekilen foto\u011fraflar ise hukuki\na\u00e7\u0131dan sorundur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnyada bir kariyer program\u0131 olan t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tamamen g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilen bir aland\u0131r. T\u0131p fak\u00fcltelerinde bu konuda\nkurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir e\u011fitim verilmedi\u011fi gibi derneklerin de bu konuda belirgin\nbir hizmeti yoktur. Baz\u0131 t\u0131p fak\u00fcltelerinin program\u0131nda yer alan t\u0131p\nfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitimi bug\u00fcn aktif olarak sadece Mersin \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p\nFak\u00fcltesi\u2019nde verilmektedir. Ancak se\u00e7meli ders olmas\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00fct\u00fcn\n\u00f6\u011frencileri kapsamamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gelin\n\u015fimdi hep birlikte t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ve t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta teknik ve etik\nkavramlara bir bakal\u0131m.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Resim 2: Do\u011fru ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve a\u00e7\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

 Hekimlerin\nklinikte h\u0131z kazanmak ad\u0131na g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme olarak neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn ayarlar\u0131\notomatik olan cep telefonu kameralar\u0131na y\u00f6nelmeleri, profesyonel foto\u011fraf\nmakinelerini 2. plana atmalar\u0131, foto\u011fraflama hakk\u0131ndaki teknik eksiklikleri\ng\u00f6rsel t\u0131bbi dok\u00fcman kalitesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. T\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k kaliteli ve\nteknik anlamda yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler almay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u00dclkemizde g\u00f6z\nard\u0131 edilse de ger\u00e7ekten bir\u00e7ok noktada \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r. Birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnekle t\u0131bbi\nfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemini bir nebze olsun anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Vaka \u00e7e\u015fidi ve\nsay\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f sonucunda dok\u00fcmantasyon ve ar\u015fivleme b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem\nkazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tekrarlama olana\u011f\u0131 az olan tecr\u00fcbelerin kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131\nmesela, \u00e7ok nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir hastal\u0131k ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011fa uygulanan\ntan\u0131 ve tedavi s\u00fcrecinin kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131, hem hekimin g\u00fcncel kalmas\u0131n\u0131\nsa\u011flayacak hem de ayn\u0131 veya farkl\u0131 bir hekimin ayn\u0131 vaka ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131\ndurumunda zaman kazand\u0131racakt\u0131r.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 T\u0131bbi\n\u00f6neminden<\/strong> bahsedecek\nolursak, do\u011fru ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kaliteli ve teknik anlamda yeterli bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc\nhastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavi s\u00fcrecinin takibinde olduk\u00e7a etkin bir ara\u00e7\nolacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Yine do\u011fru bir\nfoto\u011fraf fiziksel olarak birbirinden uzak hekimlerin bilgi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini\nsa\u011flayarak ikileme mahal vermeden do\u011fru tan\u0131n\u0131n konmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Bu\nhastaya ve hekime zaman kazand\u0131racakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Akademik a\u00e7\u0131dan<\/strong>;\nbilimsel bir sunumda, vaka sunumlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6rsel \u00f6\u011feler a\u00e7\u0131k ve net\nolmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylesi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler de t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ile sa\u011flanabilir.\nMakalelerde kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6rseller makalenin daha kolay okunup anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131\nsa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 G\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e\nartan hekime \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 ve hekimlere kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar hukuki anlamda<\/strong> birer sorundur.\nHekimlerin kendini savunmalar\u0131 ancak kan\u0131t niteli\u011finde belgeler ile\nolabilecektir. T\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k do\u011fru ve yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin kan\u0131t niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Bu da hekimlerin i\u015fini\nolduk\u00e7a kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 G\u00f6rsel gere\u00e7ler\ne\u011fitim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> vazge\u00e7ilmezidir.\n\u00d6zellikle anatomi gibi g\u00f6rselli\u011fin \u00f6n planda oldu\u011fu temel t\u0131p bilimlerinde\nkullan\u0131lacak olan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin kaliteli ve yeterli olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan t\u0131bbi\nfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok a\u015famas\u0131nda\nt\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemi b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Peki t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar nerelerde\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilirler ?<\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 D\u00fcnyada bir\nkariyer program\u0131 olan t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u00fclkemizde do\u011fum foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\n\u00f6tesinde yeni yeni \u00f6nem kazanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen tek\nsertifika program\u0131 Mersin \u00dcniversitesi b\u00fcnyesinde e\u011fitim veren S\u00fcrekli E\u011fitim\nUygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi(SEM)\u2019nde Prof. Dr. Tamer AK\u00c7A taraf\u0131ndan\ny\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 T\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar hastanelerde, ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezlerinde, acil servislerde, kliniklerde\nveya t\u0131bbi yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda<\/strong> hastal\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131\n(yaralar, lekeler, v\u00fccut deformasyonlar\u0131), otopsileri, makroskopik veya\nmikroskobik materyalleri, radyolojik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri ve cerrahi i\u015flemlerin \u00f6ncesi,\na\u015famalar\u0131 ve sonras\u0131 gibi durumlar\u0131 belgelerler. Foto\u011fraf\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hareketli\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc elde etmek ve sunmak amac\u0131yla video-konferans veya tele-medicine\n(uzaktan t\u0131bbi kons\u00fcltasyon) alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olanaklar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teknik foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k dedik\nteknik ve etik anlamda yeterlilik dedik de nedir bu kavramlar ? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0130lk olarak foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temelinden\nbahsedelim. Bu kavramlar hakk\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 vasat\u0131n \u00fczerinde bilgi\nsahibi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temeli \u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r<\/strong>. Zaten foto\u011fraf ; \u201c\u0131\u015f\u0131k ile yazma\u201d anlam\u0131na\ngelmektedir. Bir foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekilirken ortam\u0131n ve nesnenin do\u011fru ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131\ngerekmektedir. Fla\u015flar, parafla\u015flar, led lambalar ile uygun \u0131\u015f\u0131k\nayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foto\u011fraf\nmakinesine geldi\u011fimizde ise bizi 3 kavram kar\u015f\u0131lar. Bunlar : iso, enstantane\n(\u00f6rt\u00fc h\u0131z\u0131) ve diyafram a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temel teknik bilgeri : Diyafram.ISO.Enstantane<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Diyafram<\/strong> objektif i\u00e7erisinde\nbulunan ve objektiften ge\u00e7en \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlayan bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cf\u201d de\u011feri\nolarak ifade edilir. \u201cf\u201d de\u011feri artt\u0131k\u00e7a (f11, f16, f22 gibi) diyafram a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131\ndaral\u0131r ve ge\u00e7en \u0131\u015f\u0131k miktar\u0131 azal\u0131rken, \u201cf\u201d de\u011feri azald\u0131k\u00e7a (f5.6, f4; f2.8\ngibi) diyafram a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015fleyerek daha fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131k alg\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131ya ula\u015f\u0131r.\nDiyafram a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 fazla olan \u00e7ekimler daha ayd\u0131nl\u0131k, diyafram a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 az olan\n\u00e7ekimler daha karanl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  Bu ayn\u0131\nzamanda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcdeki net alan\u0131 da etkiler, diyafram a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azald\u0131k\u00e7a net alan\nazal\u0131r ve arka plan bulan\u0131kla\u015f\u0131r. T\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta \u00f6zellikle net alan\nderinli\u011fi de \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in diyafram a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yelpazesi geni\u015f olan\nobjektifler tercih edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Di\u011fer bir unsur\nalg\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcresini ayarlamaya yarayan perde h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r (\u00f6rt\u00fcc\u00fc h\u0131z\u0131; enstantane)<\/strong>. Alg\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde\nbulunan perdenin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar ve \u201c1\/ saniye\u201d cinsinden ifade\nedilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  Perde h\u0131z\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a (1\/500, 1\/1000, 1\/2000\ngibi) perdenin a\u00e7\u0131k kalma s\u00fcresi k\u0131salaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye daha az \u0131\u015f\u0131k girer\nve daha karanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc elde edilir. Perde h\u0131z\u0131 azald\u0131k\u00e7a (1\/60, 1\/30, 1 gibi)\nperdenin a\u00e7\u0131k kalma s\u00fcresi uzayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye daha fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131k girer ve\ndaha ayd\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc elde edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  El\nhareketlerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye girdi\u011fi ameliyat foto\u011fraflar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda t\u0131bbi\nfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta \u00e7ekimler lezyon, y\u00fcz, spesmen gibi hareketsiz nesnelere y\u00f6nelik\nolarak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in perde h\u0131z\u0131 ayar\u0131na \u00e7ok fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaz. Bu sebeple\npratiklik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan foto\u011fraf makinesine \u201cdiyafram \u00f6ncelikli\u201d \u00e7ekim komutu\nverilmesi daha uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  ISO<\/strong> ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir unsurdur\nve alg\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131k duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili bir kavramd\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ISO de\u011ferleri\n(100,200,300) \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa olan duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltacak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn karanl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na\nsebep olacakt\u0131r. Yine \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek ISO de\u011ferleri ( 1600, 3200, 6400) ise \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa\nolan duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131racak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn ayd\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Ancak\ny\u00fcksek ISO de\u011ferleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde parazitlenmeye sebep olabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in pek tercih\nedilmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  Foto\u011fraf\nmakinesindeki spesifik ayarlar kadar konuya ait \u00f6zelliklerin de d\u00fczenlenmesi\nolduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Nesnenin arka fona olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve foto\u011fraf makinesin\nnesneye olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyi ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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   T\u0131bbi konuya ait dikkat da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin y\u00f6netilmesi gerekir. T\u0131bbi konunun tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak, t\u0131bbi\nkonudaki hedeflenen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek elbise, tak\u0131, makyaj, sa\u00e7 gibi\nunsurlara dikkat edilmeli ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funda sade bir kompozisyon\nolu\u015fturulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r (Resim 13a, b). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Hastan\u0131n sadece\ng\u00f6zlerinin sans\u00fcrlenmesi etik a\u00e7\u0131dan yeterli de\u011fildir. Bizzat patolojinin\nkendisi olmad\u0131k\u00e7a benler, d\u00f6vmeler gibi hastaya \u00f6zg\u00fcn i\u015faret g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye\nal\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u201cT\u0131bbi Foto\u011fraf ve Video Kayd\u0131 i\u00e7in Ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Onam Formu\u201d<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

  T\u0131bbi\nfoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta t\u0131bbi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ekilmesi \u00f6nemli etik ve hukuki sorumluluklar\ni\u00e7erir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu ama\u00e7la \u201cT\u0131bbi\nFoto\u011fraf ve Video Kayd\u0131 i\u00e7in Ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Onam Formu\u201d<\/strong> bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu\nformda, al\u0131nacak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin t\u0131bbi e\u011fitimlerde ve bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda\nkullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bilgisi verilmektedir G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra hastaya\ng\u00f6sterilece\u011fi ve hastan\u0131n onay\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi, g\u00fcvenli\nortamlarda saklanaca\u011f\u0131, kimlik bilgileri gizlenerek kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131\nbildirilmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Al\u0131nan\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin onay verilmesine ra\u011fmen daha sonra vazge\u00e7me hakk\u0131na hastan\u0131n sahip\noldu\u011fu bilgisi verilmeli ve bu bilgilendirmenin ard\u0131ndan, al\u0131nan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin\nt\u0131p fak\u00fcltesi ve hem\u015firelik okulu gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k ile ilgili \u00f6\u011frencilerin ve t\u0131p\nprofesyonellerinin e\u011fitiminde, uygun bilimsel dergilerde ve bilimsel\nkitaplarda, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 bilimsel toplant\u0131larda, bilimsel ama\u00e7larla\nelektronik ortamlarda kullan\u0131labilece\u011fine y\u00f6nelik hastan\u0131n veya bir yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n\nonay imzas\u0131 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 T\u0131p gibi geni\u015f\nbir alandaki belgelerin, izleyicilerin yanl\u0131\u015f anlamalar\u0131na meydan vermeksizin\nkonunun belirgin \u00f6zelliklerinin abart\u0131s\u0131z, m\u00fcdahalesiz, bi\u00e7imsel olarak\nbozulmam\u0131\u015f (distorsiyonsuz), kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak oynanmam\u0131\u015f, eklemeler yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f\nbir halde sunulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temel bilgi ve\nteknikleri olan \u0131\u015f\u0131k, ISO, diyafram, enstantane gibi kavramlar hakk\u0131nda vasat\u0131n\n\u00fcst\u00fcnde bilgi sahibi olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7\nolarak; hem t\u0131bbi hem de adli nedenlerle t\u0131bbi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa gereken \u00f6nem\nverilmeli ve ba\u015fta sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 aday\u0131 olan\n\u00f6\u011frenciler de bu konuda y\u00f6nlendirilmelidirler. Bunun i\u00e7in e\u011fitim programlar\u0131na\nkonu ile ilgili dersler eklenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0131bb\u0131 Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Sertifika Program\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yaz\u0131da kullan\u0131lan\nfoto\u011fraflar\u0131n yay\u0131n hakk\u0131 Dr. Tamer AK\u00c7A\u2019ya aittir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6Z, E. (2015). Dersimiz\n\u2018\u2018T\u0131bbi Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\u2019\u2019 . Dr. Tamer Ak\u00e7a ile r\u00f6portaj. 11.03.2018\u2019de http<\/a>:\/\/<\/a>fesraoz.blogspot.com.tr\/2015\/10\/dersimiz-tibbi-fotografcilik.html<\/a> adresinden\nula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00dcLER, S.A ve AK\u00c7A,\nT.(2016). T\u0131bbi Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k: Tarihsel S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve Temel Kavramlar. T\u00fcrk\nDermatoloji Dergisi. Say\u0131 11. Sayfa 98-108. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

AK\u00c7A, T. T\u0131bbi Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Ders Notlar\u0131. 2018<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 t\u0131bb\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi yap\u0131lan tedavi ve giri\u015fimlerin bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131na sunulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn unsurlar\u0131 ile<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":65,"featured_media":806,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"views":2577,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/791"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/65"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=791"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":807,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/791\/revisions\/807"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}