{"id":9962,"date":"2021-02-20T20:38:14","date_gmt":"2021-02-20T17:38:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/?p=9962"},"modified":"2021-02-25T00:20:40","modified_gmt":"2021-02-24T21:20:40","slug":"hava-kirliligi-gercekten-de-gorme-kaybina-sebep-olabilir-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/genel\/hava-kirliligi-gercekten-de-gorme-kaybina-sebep-olabilir-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"Hava Kirlili\u011fi Ger\u00e7ekten De G\u00f6rme Kayb\u0131na Sebep Olabilir Mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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<\/sub>Sanayide olu\u015fan hava kirlili\u011fi<\/strong>
https:\/\/pixabay.com\/tr\/photos\/sanayi-g%C3%BCnbat%C4%B1m%C4%B1-kirlenme-1752876\/<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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University College London (ULC) taraf\u0131ndan 115 binden fazla ki\u015finin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u00e7ok kirli b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 makula dejenerasyonu (AMD) olarak bilinen geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131ndan muzdarip olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde sekiz daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu bulundu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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University College London’dan (UCL) ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar; \u0130ngiltere, \u0130sko\u00e7ya ve Galler’de hava kirlili\u011fine az maruz kalman\u0131n bile ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 makula dejenerasyonu (AMD) riskini etkiledi\u011fini buldu. AMD, y\u00fcksek gelirli \u00fclkelerde 50 ya\u015f \u00fczerindeki insanlarda geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclemez k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00f6nde gelen sebebidir. AMD; okuma, ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6revleri yerine getirme ve y\u00fczleri tan\u0131ma i\u00e7in gerekli olan merkezde g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131yla ili\u015fkilidir. AMD i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck risk fakt\u00f6rleri; genetik, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k ve sigara i\u00e7imidir. D\u00fcnya genelindeki hasta say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2040 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 300 milyona ula\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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G\u00f6rme engelli birey<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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Hava kirlili\u011fi daha \u00f6nceki yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda Alzheimer, Parkinson, fel\u00e7 ve glokom riskindeki art\u0131\u015fla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acaba hava kirlili\u011fi ile AMD aras\u0131nda da bir ba\u011flant\u0131 var m\u0131yd\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, British Journal of Ophthalmology\u2019 de yay\u0131nlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, en kirli b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n bu duruma sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n en az % 8 daha fazla oldu\u011funu ifade ettiler. Ekip; 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n t\u0131bbi te\u015fhislerine ve biyolojik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerine odaklanan yar\u0131m milyon ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olan Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k Biobank’a kat\u0131lan 40-69 ya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki 115.954 ki\u015finin verilerini inceledi. G\u00f6z \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri ve anketlerden elde edilen verileri kullanan uzmanlar, makula dejenarasyonu olan ve olmayan hastalar\u0131 tespit ettiler. Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ise ikamet adreslerinde oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen kirletici miktar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131lar. UCL’de glokom \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan oftalmik epidemiyoloji profes\u00f6r\u00fc ve makalenin k\u0131demli yazar\u0131 olan Paul Foster, daha kirli b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n daha s\u0131k makula dejenarasyonu ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Foster; mak\u00fcler dejenarasyona neden olan temel kirleticilerin partik\u00fcl madde PM2.5, nitrojen dioksit (NO2) ve nitrojen oksit t\u00fcrevleri (NOx) oldu\u011funu belirtti. PM2.5; 2.5 mikron ya da daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup solundu\u011funda akci\u011ferin derinliklerine inip kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ge\u00e7ebilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir partik\u00fcld\u00fcr. Toz, kir, is veya dumandan olu\u015fan par\u00e7ac\u0131klar \u015fantiyelerden, kaplamas\u0131z yollardan, tarlalardan, bacalardan ve yang\u0131nlardan kaynaklan\u0131p farkl\u0131 kimyasallar i\u00e7erebilir. Fakat \u00e7o\u011fu par\u00e7ac\u0131k enerji santrallerinden, end\u00fcstriyel ve ara\u00e7 emisyonlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan kirletici maaddelerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Araba egzozunun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hava kirlili\u011fi
<\/strong>   https:\/\/pixabay.com\/tr\/photos\/araba-non-panne-k%C3%B6t%C3%BC-%C5%9Fans-1411313\/<\/a>

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Azot oksitler; nitrik oksit ve nitrojen dioksit gaz\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra nitrojen i\u00e7eren di\u011fer gaz halindeki oksitleri de i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Kentsel alanlarda bu gazlar\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131 motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t egzozlar\u0131, bina i\u00e7i gaz sobalar\u0131 ve gaz ya\u011f\u0131 \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Foster, kirleticilerin v\u00fccuda akci\u011ferler yoluyla girdi\u011fini ve g\u00f6z duvar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek kan ak\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00f6zlerde hasara neden oldu\u011funu belirtti. Ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumdaki dezavantajl\u0131 bireylerin bu hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanma riskinin daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu da elde edilen veriler aras\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (WHO) g\u00f6re hava kirlili\u011fi d\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l tahmini 7 milyon insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu \u00f6l\u00fcmler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde fel\u00e7, kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, kronik obstr\u00fcktif akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 (KOAH), akci\u011fer kanseri ve akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc verileri, her 10 ki\u015fiden 9\u2019unun y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde kirletici madde i\u00e7eren hava soludu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leeds \u00dcniversitesinde molek\u00fcler oftalmoloji profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan Chris Inglehearn, UCL ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n 2019\u2019da Tayvan’da yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya benzer oldu\u011funu belirtti. Science Media Center\u2019a verdi\u011fi bir deme\u00e7te, her iki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n da hava kirlili\u011fi ile ya\u015fl\u0131larda k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yayg\u0131n bir sebebi olan ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 makula dejenarasyonu aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi. \u0130ki grubun bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kirletici profili farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kaynaklar\u0131 ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Elbette ki korelasyon nedensellik kan\u0131tlamaz fakat bu iki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n benzer sonu\u00e7lara varmas\u0131, kurulan ba\u011flant\u0131ya olan g\u00fcveni daha da art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Inglehearn; bu t\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n hava kirlili\u011finin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki zararl\u0131 etkilerle ili\u015fkilendirilmesine daha fazla kan\u0131t sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ifade etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2021\/01\/26\/health\/air-pollution-sight-intl-scli-gbr-wellness\/index.html<\/a><\/li>
  2. https:\/\/wtop.com\/science\/2021\/01\/air-pollution-linked-to-increased-risk-of-irreversible-sight-loss-study-finds\/<\/a><\/li>
  3. https:\/\/www.express.co.uk\/news\/science\/1390316\/air-pollution-amd-symptoms-blindness-uk-eu-evg<\/a><\/li>
  4. https:\/\/pixabay.com\/tr\/photos\/araba-non-panne-k%C3%B6t%C3%BC-%C5%9Fans-1411313\/<\/a><\/li>
  5. https:\/\/pixabay.com\/tr\/photos\/sanayi-g%C3%BCnbat%C4%B1m%C4%B1-kirlenme-1752876\/<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    University College London (ULC) taraf\u0131ndan 115 binden fazla ki\u015finin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u00e7ok kirli b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":387,"featured_media":9964,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,5,25],"tags":[1886,1884,1885,1883,1888,1887],"acf":[],"views":1960,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9962"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/387"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9962"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10015,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9962\/revisions\/10015"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ulubat.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}